IASPEI 2009 The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Development of the Seismic Networks of the International Monitoring System Lassina Zerbo Director, International Data Centre Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organisation Provisional Technical Secretariat Vienna International Centre P.O. Box 1200 A-1400 ViennaIASPEI Cape Town, South Africa AUSTRIA 11 January 2009

IASPEI 2009 IMS Seismic Networks 50 primary stations sending data to Vienna in real time, continuous mode 30 array stations 19 3-C stations 1 to be determined 120 auxiliary stations ready to respond to requests from IDC to help characterize the detected event 7 array stations C stations 1 to be determined

IASPEI 2009

New low seismic noise model Processes Site surveys Site preparation Installation Certification Post-certification Activities

IASPEI 2009 Seismic Noise at PS26 Torodi, Niger

IASPEI 2009 PS26 Torodi, Niger

IASPEI 2009 International Monitoring System Division The IMS equipment (GCI Communication topologies) IMS station IDC Vienna NDC IMS station IDC Vienna NDC BASIC Topology INDEPENDENT Topology NDC fully controls data flow to IDC

IASPEI 2009 Page 8 Primary Seismic Network

IASPEI 2009 Page 9 Auxiliary Seismic Network

IASPEI 2009 Page 10 Hydroacoustic Network

IASPEI 2009 Page 11 Infrasound Network

IASPEI 2009 IMS Seismic and Hydro Networks 98% of data availability 11 hydroacoustic stations 6 hydrophone stations 5 T-phase stations (essentially seismic sensors) 97% timely data availability Calibrated stations Standardized stations

CTBT on Funding of Operation and Maintenance Article IV (Verification) of the Treaty: 19.For facilities … in Tables 1-A, 2-A, 3 and 4 of Annex 1 to the Protocol [ie Primary stations], … the Organization.. shall meet the costs of: (b)Operating and maintaining International Monitoring System facilities… (c) Transmitting International Monitoring System data 20.For auxiliary network seismic stations.. the Organization,.. shall meet the costs only of: (a)Transmitting data..; (b)Authenticating data …; (c)Upgrading stations to the required technical standard…; (d)If necessary, establishing new stations

AUTOMATION SUPPORT MAINT LOGISTIC INFRASTRUTURE OFFICE NDC STATION IDC SOH Monitoring Tracking OPERATIONS ENGINEERING International Monitoring System ENGINEERING GROUP INSTALLATION CERTIFICATION GROUP GCI OPERATION CENTER MONITORING FACILITIES OPERATIONS UNIT NETWORK & SYSTEM OPERATIONS UNIT AUTOMATION & INFORMATION Operational Concept

IMS Operational Requirements Levels of Operations Entry-into-Force (EIF) Provisional Operations Enhanced Operations (System-Wide Performance Test) EIF annual availability requirements Primary waveform stations: 97% timely data availability 98% overall data availability Radionuclide stations: 95% data availability Auxiliary seismic stations: 90% data availability Communication link availability specification of contract 99.5% Int. Cooperation Workshop, Abuja November - 1 December %

IMS Provisional Operations Verification System is in Provisional Operations Scope and period defined by Commission (CTBT/PC-19/1/Annex II P12-19): - Provisional Operations does not provide for verification - Protect the investment; efficient and effective utilization - Allow build up, testing and evaluation - ‘Best Effort’ within available resources e.g. normal working hours - Provide for Performance Testing in cooperation with station operators and NDCs. - The Provisional Operations Status is linked to the Current Status of the CTBT…… November - 1 December 2006

May 2008 IDC/SA/SIPage 17 Network processing in context

Provisional Technical Secretariat Page 18 Map of all the events included in the IDC REBs since February 2000 around the Korean peninsula 9 Oct 2006 event 16 Apr 2002 event 9 Oct 2006 event (presumed explosion) 16 Apr 2002 event (presumed earthquake)

Provisional Technical Secretariat Page 19 Summary on IDC Secure Website

Provisional Technical Secretariat Page 20 Seismic signals recorded in South Korea (KSRS) for 9 Oct 2006 event (left) and 16 Apr 2002 event (right) 9 October April 2002 (presumed earthquake) More explosion-like More earthquake-like -But in general, discrimination of (especially small) explosions from earthquakes is a complex task.

Provisional Technical Secretariat Page 21 Animated motion of the emitted gas from 9 to 30 October 2006 (0-30m altitude) Thank you