Diabetes Care Tasks at School: What Key Personnel Need to Know Diabetes Care Tasks at School: What Key Personnel Need to Know BLOOD GLUCOSE MONITORING

2 Overall Goal: Optimal Student Health and Learning Blood glucose monitoring (BGM) is critical to student success. But BGM is just one piece of comprehensive management plan. Exercise Legal Rights Glucagon Administration Health & Learning Nutrition Insulin Administration Monitoring Blood Glucose Ketones Hypoglycemia & Hyperglycemia

3 Participants will learn: 4 Why blood glucose is monitored 4 When blood glucose should be monitored 4 How to perform a blood glucose check Learning Objectives

4 Blood Glucose Monitoring maintain blood glucose within target range. GOAL: IMMEDIATE BENEFIT: LONG-TERM BENEFIT: CHALLENGE: maximize learning and participation. identification, treatment, and prevention of lows and highs. decrease risk of long-term complications. maximize health. many variables can impact blood-glucose.

5 Role of the School Facilitate blood glucose monitoring per DMMP. Act on blood glucose check results per DMMP. Monitor patterns for highs and lows. Provide monitoring data to parent/guardian so that adjustments can be made.

6 Benefits of School Blood Glucose Monitoring Enables maintenance of blood glucose levels within target range for safety; promotes long term health and optimal academic performance Identifies factors that affect blood glucose

7 Any Time, Any Place Monitoring Better blood glucose control Safer for student Student gains independence Less stigma Less time out of class Assists decision making in response to result For students who can self-check:

8 Basic Steps Know the target range per DMMP Check at times specified in DMMP Immediate Action – Treatment to get back within target range

9 When to Check? DMMP specifies for an individual student Regularly scheduled checks: Routine monitoring before meals and snacks as per DMMP Before, during and/or after exercise as per DMMP

10 When to Check? Extra checks may be necessary: Periods of stress or illness Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia symptoms Change in diabetes management – Insulin/medication doses – Meal plan – Activity

11 Lancing Devices Lancets Pen-type Lancing Devices

12 Know the Meter Features vary: – Ease of use – Sample size needed – Wait time – Alternate-site testing capacity – Ability to reapply, if insufficient sample Many meters available on market. Work with parent to become familiar with operation of student’s particular meter number on back of meter.

13 Preparation 1. Gather blood glucose monitoring supplies: - Lancet - Test strips - Meter 2. Student washes hands and dries thoroughly. 3. If assisting or performing for student, put on disposable gloves.

14 Readying the Meter 4.Turn the meter on 5.Check code # 6.Insert a strip into the meter

15 Lancing the Finger 7. Hold the lancet device to the side of the finger and press the button to stick the finger.

16 Applying Blood to Strip Drop, not smear Cover ALL of test strip window Some strips suck blood onto the strip 8. Follow instructions included with the meter when applying blood to strip

Results 9. Wait until blood glucose results displayed. 10. Dispose of lancet 11. Record blood glucose results, take action per DMMP.

18 What does the display mean? Check manual Contact manufacturer (1-800; Website)

19 What does the number mean? Reference student’s target range Individualized for student May vary throughout day Take action per DMMP Communicate sensitively Recognize value may vary according to time since eating, insulin, or exercise