AFGHANISTAN AIRBORNE AND GROUND GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS

Data Applications Geological Mapping Topography Mapping Mineral Assessments Oil/Gas Assessments Coal Assessments Hazard Assessments Vegetation Assessments

High Altitude Airborne Geophysical Surveys Using Navy Research Laboratory P-3 –Magnetics –Gravity –SAR –Photography –AVIRIS 5000 m above ground level at 8000m line spacing over Afghanistan –Spatial resolution for gravity & magnetic data > 4 km in grid –Spatial resolution for gravity & magnetic data ~10 m along profiles $4.5M funding to NRL M to USGS-CICT from $30M supplemental budget

Co-Located Sensor Testbed P-3 Research Aircraft New Common Sensor Bomb-bay Pallet NRL HSI SENSORS Diamond Head Short-Wave Infrared HISTAR Long-Wave Infrared X/L Wide-Band-Band Mod for P/C Band OR NUWSAR SENSOR Magnetometer Gravity Sensor KGPS HYCORDER Long-Wave Infrared

Oil/Gas Exploration Targets –Basins (shape size) –Basement faulting –Internal basin faulting –Salt structures –Volcanism Geophysical Techniques –Magnetics –Gravity –Altimetry/photography Platforms –Fixed Wing Aircraft

Magnetic Ano Antarctic airborne gravity, magnetic, radar surveys Studinger et al., EPSL, 2003 Magnetic Anomaly (nT) 10 km line spacing ~3-4 km above bedrock

Collection of P-3 Airborne geophysical data USGS personnel QC data Training opportunities for AGS –Magnetic Base station data collection –collect ground magnetic and gravity data to support mapping project and ground truth –QC software training –QC process training –Short-course in potential-field methods??

GETECH MAGNETIC DATA Flown 1967; 1976 Available as 1 km grid (=~4 km line spacing) Cannot publish images of data Can identify deep block fault systems Funds for data purchase in Minerals budget Want original digitized line data Helmund Basin 5 km spacing 1 km spacing

NIMA GRAVITY DATA Ground-based data from NIMA for USGS use

FUGRO MAGNETIC DATA 2000 m line spacing, 100 m above ground in 2000 Horizontal resolution ~1 km Proprietary data for Mid East Oil & Gas company (availability & cost unknown)

Magnetics Gravity Geophysical Interpretation Olympic Dam area Magnetic Anomaly Map Olympic Dam area Bouguer Gravity Map crystalline basement map, registered with DEM, surface geology

(Bell et al., 1998) ICE STREAM ONSET REGION, CENTRAL WEST ANTARCTICA AVHRR

(Bell et al., 1998) 2-D GRAVITY AND MAGNETIC MODELS CONSTRAINED WITH SEISMIC REFLECTION DATA Over Ice stream Upstream of Ice stream

Analysis of Airborne geophysical data USGS leads effort Training opportunities for AGS –Software –Analysis –Database development, maintenance and public release –Interpretation

DATA-GATHERING ACTION ITEMS Get GETECH magnetic data Get CCC/FUGRO magnetic data Fund P3 aerogeophysical survey

Regional Magnetic Data High resolution magnetic data High resolution airborne geophysical surveys (including UAV’s for mag)

Igneous rocks estimated at 150-m depth Igneous rocks estimated at 15-m depth Exposed igneous rocks Interpreted fault trace Explanation Grauch, 2001 An Example from Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico Interpreting Hydrogeologic Features from High-resolution Aeromagnetic Data

Environmental / Water Targets –Development of Water Supplies –Salt Water / Water Quality –Natural Hazards –Mine Waste –Chemical/Nuclear Waste –Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) Geophysical Techniques –Magnetics –Electromagnetics –Radiometrics Platforms (High Resolution) –Low flying Fixed Wing –Helicopters

Line Vertical Exaggeration ~x m 1 Mile 100m100m Trinity Group SinkholeSinkhole Del Rio Clay Edwards Group nothing SOUTH NORTH Mapped structure correlation Geophysical structure correlation Sensor height

Mineral Exploration Targets –Mineralization/Alteration –Faulting –Intrusions –Volcanism Geophysical Techniques –Magnetics/Gravity –Electromagnetics –Radiometrics –Remote Sensing Platforms (Resolution) –Fixed Wing Aircraft –Helicopters

The Pinnacle Integration of geophysical data and DOQ’s, DEM’s summit White Salmon Glacier Avalanche Glacier 200 m resistivity depth slice Alteration mapping Ice thickness

HIGH- RESOLUTION AIRBORNE DATA- GATHERING ACTION ITEMS Use regional data to identify areas for detailed surveys Determine relatively safe areas for detailed low-altitude commercial UAV and/or helo surveys Ask for variance to military restrictions on low altitude flights solicit contractors

AGS ground-based geophysical data collection Gravity Magnetics DC Resistivity Bore hole geophysics Rock property measurements

HIGH- RESOLUTION GROUND DATA- GATHERING ACTION ITEMS Use regional data to identify areas for detailed surveys Buy geophysical equipment for AGS Train AGS personnel to collect, reduce, archive, and interpret data

DOD BUDGET