How does the Sun drive the dynamics of Earth’s thermosphere and ionosphere Wenbin Wang, Alan Burns, Liying Qian and Stan Solomon High Altitude Observatory.

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Presentation transcript:

How does the Sun drive the dynamics of Earth’s thermosphere and ionosphere Wenbin Wang, Alan Burns, Liying Qian and Stan Solomon High Altitude Observatory National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder, USA

Outline Earth’s thermosphere and ionosphere Energy and momentum inputs to the thermosphere and ionosphere Thermospheric response to geomagnetic activity Simulation of the thermosphere and ionosphere response to a CIR event

The Thermosphere-Ionosphere System

Major Species Density Structure of the Atmosphere Diffusively Separating Fully Mixed O O2O2 N2N2 Total Density MSIS empirical model atmosphere mid-day mid-latitude

5 MSIS/IRI mid-day mid-latitude Thermosphere-Ionosphere Variability

Living with a Star Targeted Research and Technology program: “Plasma–Neutral Gas Coupling in the Chromosphere and Ionosphere” Leake et al., Ionized Plasma and Neutral Gas Coupling in the Sun’s Chromosphere and Earth’s Ionosphere/Thermosphere, Space Sci. Rev., Doi: /s , in press, Chromosphere Thermosphere Neutral Gas Plasma

Thermosphere-Ionosphere System: an Externally Driven System SunMagnetosphere Thermosphere Ionosphere Solar Wind IMF Ultraviolet and X-rays Tides and Planetary Waves Turbulence and Convection Auroral Currents Energetic Particles Heliosphere Lower & Middle Atmosphere

Knipp et al., Solar Physics, 2004, 224: Global Energy Input to the Thermosphere-Ionosphere System

Geomagnetic Forcing on the T-I system Enhanced Electric Field and Ion DragEnhanced Auroral Precipitation and Ionospheric Conductivity Dynamics Explorer Stan Solomon Joule Heating Ion Drag

Thermospheric Temperature Response to Geomagnetic Forcing F107: 190 UT:1200 DOY: 356 HT: ~300km Quiet Storm National Center for Atmospheric Research- Thermosphere ionosphere Electrodynamics Global Circulations Model (TIEGCM)

Neutral Winds in Quiet and Active Conditions Quiet Storm Thayer and Killeen, 1993

Prolss (1981, 2011) Thermospheric Composition Response to Geomagnetic Forcing Thermospheric N2 perturbation TIEGCM

Superposed epoch results of solar wind speed, IMF Bz, Dst, AE and ap indicies for 79 CIR events. Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs)

March, 2004 CIR Event

Neutral Temperature: : TIEGCM Simulations

Zonal Winds

O/N2

How is the electron density determined? Transport: Electric Fields, Neutral Winds and Ambipolar Diffusion Composition: O/N2 in the F-region

F2 Peak Densities

O/N2

F2 Peak Densities

Summary 1. Earth’s thermosphere and ionosphere system is strongly driven by the energy and momentum input from the Sun. 2. Thermospheric temperature, winds, and composition show global changes during storm events. 3. During a CIR event of 2004, these changes occur over the entire period of the event and do not recover one day after the event. 4. Ionospheric F-region density changes during this CIR event appear to be mostly related to thermospheric composition variations.

2004

Neutral Temperature

Zonal Winds

O/N2

8 min hours-16 days Sun CME CIR Magnetosphere Thermosphere-Ionosphere: An Externally Driven System EUV and UV Radiation Lower and Middle Atmosphere Thermosphere-Ionosphere 2-10 days

Leake et al., Ionized Plasma and Neutral Gas Coupling in the Sun’s Chromosphere and Earth’s Ionosphere/Thermosphere, Space Sci. Rev., Doi: /s , Conductivity Chromosphere Thermosphere