Fundamentals of Biochemistry Third Edition Fundamentals of Biochemistry Third Edition Chapter 28 Regulation of Gene Expression Chapter 28 Regulation of.

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Fundamentals of Biochemistry Third Edition Fundamentals of Biochemistry Third Edition Chapter 28 Regulation of Gene Expression Chapter 28 Regulation of Gene Expression Copyright © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Donald Voet Judith G. Voet Charlotte W. Pratt

Genomic Organization

Prokaryotic Gene Expression (Aside)

RNase Protection (aside)

Head – binds O Linker Core – binds lactose Quaternary helix

Activated Repressors Strong promoter/weak promoter Turn on expression Catabolite gene activator protein (CAP) and (cAMP receptor protein (CRP) –Binds promoter –Positive regulator

Eukaryotic Gene Expression Heterochromatin – highly condensed DNA Euchromatin – Transcriptionally active DNA Nucleosome – DNA with octamer of histones Chromatin remodeling complexes move Histones in an ATP dependent process

RSC SWI/SNF – mating type switching and growth on sucrose (proteins necessary for these processes. RSC – remodeling of structure of chromatin Most likely works by untwisting DNA

HMG – high mobility group proteins. Cause distortions in DNA

Histone post translational modifications: Methylation stabilizes, all other modifications tend to destabilize. More destabilized means more accessible

Epigenetic changes – not bound by Mendelian inheritance Embryonic development changes DNA methylation (except in germline cells C  T mutation from methylation) Trouble cloning animals Imprinting – due to differential methylation between paternal and maternal DNA

STAT

HRE – hormone response elements

mRNA Stability polyA – deadenylases 5’ cap “decapping enzyme” microRNA

Antibodies

Apoptosis

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