Animal Activity and Tree Well Width Erin Kinney Winter Ecology 2011 Mountain Research Station, University of Colorado, Boulder Erin Kinney Winter Ecology.

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Presentation transcript:

Animal Activity and Tree Well Width Erin Kinney Winter Ecology 2011 Mountain Research Station, University of Colorado, Boulder Erin Kinney Winter Ecology 2011 Mountain Research Station, University of Colorado, Boulder

Common Animal Species to be Found  Moose  Snowshoe Hare  Squirrel  Vole  Weasel  Bird  Moose  Snowshoe Hare  Squirrel  Vole  Weasel  Bird

Types of Activity  Entrance/Exit Holes  Resting  Tree to Tree  Eating  Entrance/Exit Holes  Resting  Tree to Tree  Eating

Importance of Tree Wells  Cover and Protection  Heat Transfer Formation  Cover and Protection  Heat Transfer Formation

What is the Correlation to Animal Activity and Tree Well Size and Quality?

Methods Field Observations going from tree well to tree well, activity under tree, resting area, entrance/exit hole Measurements width of tree well, area of track, area of hole Field Observations going from tree well to tree well, activity under tree, resting area, entrance/exit hole Measurements width of tree well, area of track, area of hole

Methods Data Analysis Classification 3 categories (tree to tree, hole, resting) Comparative Graphs track or hole area vs well width average track or hole area with and without cover Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient range of -1 to 1 Limitations weather, snow fall Correlation NegativePositive None−0.09 to to 0.09 Small−0.3 to − to 0.3 Medium−0.5 to − to 0.5 Large−1.0 to − to 1.0

Entrance/Exit Holes Average Area in^2 Average Tree Well Width 4.12 in Correlation

Entrance/Exit Holes Average With Cover 9.37 in^2 Average Without Cover in^2 Correlation 0.198

Resting Areas Average Area 120in Correlation Average Tree Well Width 2.75

Resting Areas Correlation -0.53

Tree to Tree Average Area in Average Tree Well Width 6.38 in Average Differences 3.0 in Correlation Blue-Cover Red-No Cover

Tree to Tree Correlation

Discussion  Cover  Tree Well Size  Area of Tracks  Area of Holes  Areas of Improvement and New Study  Cover  Tree Well Size  Area of Tracks  Area of Holes  Areas of Improvement and New Study

Conclusions Animals out in Winter Specializations, Limitations, Active Tree Wells Formation, Cover and Protection Methods Observations, Measurements, Data Analysis, Pearson Product -1 to 1 Animals to Tree Well Size No Correlation Animals to Amount of Cover Correlation Animals out in Winter Specializations, Limitations, Active Tree Wells Formation, Cover and Protection Methods Observations, Measurements, Data Analysis, Pearson Product -1 to 1 Animals to Tree Well Size No Correlation Animals to Amount of Cover Correlation

References  Kelsall, John. "Structural Adaptations of Moose and Deer for Snow." Journal of Mammology (1969):  KORSLUND, L. and STEEN, H. “ Small rodent winter survival: snow conditions limit access to food resources.” Journal of Animal Ecology(2006): 75: 156–166.  Mohr, Carl, and William Stumpf. "Comparison of Methods for Calculating Areas of Animal Activity." Journal of Wildlife Management (1966):  Murie, Olaus Johan. "A Field Guide to Animal Tracks." Google Books. Web. 18 Feb g=PT13&dq=animal tracks&ots=15OgSGjc2A&sig=KaxjItEV4X1OCi2TsNoEYFnDUnE#v=onep age&q&f=false. g=PT13&dq=animal tracks&ots=15OgSGjc2A&sig=KaxjItEV4X1OCi2TsNoEYFnDUnE#v=onep age&q&f=false  Strum, Matt. "Snow Distribution and Heat Flow in the Taiga." Arctic and Alpine Research (1992):  Kelsall, John. "Structural Adaptations of Moose and Deer for Snow." Journal of Mammology (1969):  KORSLUND, L. and STEEN, H. “ Small rodent winter survival: snow conditions limit access to food resources.” Journal of Animal Ecology(2006): 75: 156–166.  Mohr, Carl, and William Stumpf. "Comparison of Methods for Calculating Areas of Animal Activity." Journal of Wildlife Management (1966):  Murie, Olaus Johan. "A Field Guide to Animal Tracks." Google Books. Web. 18 Feb g=PT13&dq=animal tracks&ots=15OgSGjc2A&sig=KaxjItEV4X1OCi2TsNoEYFnDUnE#v=onep age&q&f=false. g=PT13&dq=animal tracks&ots=15OgSGjc2A&sig=KaxjItEV4X1OCi2TsNoEYFnDUnE#v=onep age&q&f=false  Strum, Matt. "Snow Distribution and Heat Flow in the Taiga." Arctic and Alpine Research (1992):