Priority Ranking of HPV Chemicals Based On Production, Persistence, & Chemical Properties James F. Pankow, Julia E. Norman, William E. Asher Oregon Health.

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Presentation transcript:

Priority Ranking of HPV Chemicals Based On Production, Persistence, & Chemical Properties James F. Pankow, Julia E. Norman, William E. Asher Oregon Health & Science University Portland, Oregon December 12, 2006 research support: U.S. Geological Survey

70,000 to 100,000 chemicals currently in U.S. commerce; ~1,000 new chemicals are introduced every year; 2865 HPV Chemicals ( >10 6 lbs/y, excl. polymers, H 2 SO 4, etc.) 1749 HPVs if obvious mixtures are excluded (e.g., “petrol. distillates”) Need for science-based strategy for ranking compounds. BACKGROUND

USGS Interest USGS “NAWQA” Program* (Natl. Water-Qual. Assessment) seeks comprehensive understanding of contaminant levels in natural waters of the US (e.g., VOCs, pesticides, PAHs, metals, etc.). *Design of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: Occurrence and Distribution of Water-Quality Conditions; U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1112.

A Cautionary Tale - MTBE 1973 – commercial production begins in Italy for use as an octane enhancer (isobutylene + methanol = MTBE) 1979 –EPA allows ARCO to use up to 7% by volume MTBE as an octane enhancer 1990 – Federal Law passed requiring 2.7% by wt. oxygen in certain “CO non-attainment” areas Johnson, Pankow, Bender, Price, Zogorski ES&T (2000) 5 x x x 10 7 MTBE

MTBE Properties of Interest physical properties… volatile very soluble in water (50,000 mg/L) soluble in precipation from atmosphere degradation… atmos. reaction with OH radical – slow chemical hydrolysis – slow biodegradation – slow  MTBE can get into water and remain there: detected in 7% of national aquifer samples taken by USGS in NAWQA program see :

Goal to help avoid scenarios like that experienced with: develop a simple flexible user-friendly tool for prioritization rankings of the HPV chemical list “Chemical Prioritization System (CPS) Calculator” MTBE (persistent & water soluble) PCBs (persistent & lipid soluble) etc.

(Nat. Res. Council: Setting Priorities for Drinking Water Contaminants) Logic Elements of One Type of Prioritization Scheme production persistence paradigm of EPA’s Waste Minimization Prioritization Tool.1

production (TRI?) Detect. Freq. persistence -half-life-

Regression: Natl. USGS Data for 36 Compounds: log [Detect. Freq.] = 0.51 log [TRI] log [half life] (r = 0.41, p = ) environ. exposure can be related to release & half-life

log [TRI] = 0.64 log [low end of prod. volume] r 2 = p < But, TRI Data Not Available for Most HPV Chemicals… Use production range data? log [ LOW END of prod. vol.] lbs/y 3 2 log [ TRI ]

CPS Calculator 1689 compounds Conducts rankings based on user-chosen relations involving: log (low end of HPV production volume) BIOWIN degradability log Bioconcentration factor (log BCF) log K ow log water solubility aquatic toxicity score (ECOSAR-based) ….

MTBE is ranked 554 out of 1689 rank = biodeg score (1 to 3) log (low end of production volume) + aquatic tox score (1 to 3)

MTBE

for HPV chemicals, need more extensive TRI data, or actual production data (rather than ranges) simple ranking tools are needed for HPV chemicals → “CPS Calculator” will be one such tool flexible user-friendly will allow use of any parameters of interest Conclusions