2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Metamodel Framework for Ontology Keqing He, Yixin Jing, Yangfan He State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering Wuhan University P.R.China

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Content 1.Introduction of ISO/IEC WG32 Subject MMFI 2.Introduction of Metamodel Framework for Ontology 3.MMF for Ontology Definition 4.Future works

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Introduction of ISO/IEC WG32 Subject Metamodel Framework Interoperability

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Intention Various types of metamodels spreading all over domains ebXML Registry, UDDI, Registry…… Confliction brings obstacle to communication and exchange between different information resources The lack of standardization to specify common bases for consistent development and registration of metamodels

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Intention Registering and sharing of various type of the modeling constructs such as models, ontologies, Identification scheme, Metadata or Mapping transformation rules, rather than standardizing the defining scheme for the modeling constructs.

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Registry Federation with Metamodel Framework

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Abstraction Layer where MMF Resides in Pattern : Universe of Discourse Modeling Constructs Stereotype : Template: Metamodel MetaModel Metamodel Modeling Facility M3 M2 M1 M0 Model Metamodel Framework

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Metamodel Framework Architecture Metamodel Framework for Ontology Metamodel Framework for Mapping Metamodel Framework for Modeling Constructs Core Model MOF11179 MDR Metamodel Framework

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Overviews of Working Draft Part-2 : Metamodel framework core model Part-3: Metamodel framework for Ontology Part-4: Metamodel framework for model mapping Part-5: Metamodel framework for Model Constructs Part-6: Registration Procedure Part-1: Reference Model(MOF & )

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Introduction of Metamodel Framework for Ontology

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Problem to be addressed Since ontology describing tools among different developers don’t adopt the same way outlining how an ontology structure is organized, the interoperability between them is blocked MDR by far doesn’t support ontology metadata registry, while ontology data rising rapidly on internet

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Problem to be addressed Core model has enhanced model registry facility, but not particularly designed for ontology

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Core Model --- foundation of our work MOF

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Core Model --- foundation of our work

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Core Model --- foundation of our work MOF CoreModel overlap

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Ontology Representation Manners OWL --- a revision of the DAML+OIL web ontology language incorporating lessons learned from the design and application of DAML+OIL. CG, KIF X M L R D F R D F S DAML+OIL + computed classes, equivalence, etc. + subclasses/subproperties + object graph structure syntax extends

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization RDF Class Hierarchy

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization DAML+OIL Metamodel isOfType

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Ontology Definition Metamodel(ODM) Status: OMG’s RFP Start point of ODM is OWL ODM is MOF- compliant

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization MMF for Ontology Definition

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoConceptDomain OntoConceptDomain defines the concept boundary of ontology, identifying the universe of discourse It resides in mind, and is a collection of concept domain items, named OntoConcept (introduced later) It is independent of representation Biology OntoConceptDomain

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoConcept Biology Animal Plant Virus having OntoConcept

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoConcept OntoConcept is a metaclass identifying a namespace of ontologies to distinct OntoSelection(introduced later) The instance of a OntoConcept is a set of OntoConcept Items, which are expressed by OntoSelection It is also independent of representation

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoConcept Web having same concept Mapping Ontology Meta-model Framework- OntoConcept complying with Disordered Information Well-formed Ontology Expressed in manner A Well-formed Ontology Expressed in manner B

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoConceptDomain & OntoConcept

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoInstance OWL Eat Carnivore Animal C G-(DF) OntoInstance expressed by Biology (Eat [Carnivore] [Animal]) C G I F

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoInstance OntoInstance is a specification of a particular ontology concept domain OntoInstances are governed by Onto- ConceptDomain and designate values of OntoConceptDomain OntoInstance is represented by various of approaches, such as OWL, CG, KIF etc.

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoInstance

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoExpression OntoExpression is the meta definition of approach through which OntoInstance specify a OntoConceptDomain. OntoExpression is independent of ontology domain. OntoExpression defines most general concept appearing in ontology.

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoExpression OntoExpression defines the meta concept which we want to register in system, including terms and relationship between them. While defining OntoExpression, we reference to ODM, because we hope to accept various ontology expressions as many as possible

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoExpression Packages OntoKernelOntoPropertyOntoClassOntoIndividualOntology Data

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoKernel-Example Comment Biology Animal Plant living organism that is not an animal, which grows in the earth and usually has a stem, leaves and roots Ontology OntologyConstruct AnnotationProperty

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoKernel Package Diagram This package define basic element in a ontology

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Ontology - Example Biology Animal Plant Furniture Manufactory Paint Materials TreeWood Grass Tree import OntologyProperty A B

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Ontology Package Diagram This package define relationship between ontologies

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoClass - Example MaleFemale Dad Parent Father Human Beings sub-of intersectionOf disjointWith equivalentWith OntologyClass OntologyClassRelation

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoClass Package Diagram This package define class in ontology

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoProperty-Example DatatypePropertyObjectProperty

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoProperty Package Diagram This package define 2 kinds of property in ontology

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoIndividual Package Diagram This package define individual appearing in ontology Class extension of Thing is the set of all individuals. Every class is a subclass of Thing. Class extension of Nothing is the empty set. Nothing is the subclass of every class.

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoSelection OntoConcept Cat eat mouse OntoInstance(by OWL) OntoSelection(by OWL)

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoSelection OntoSelection designate a selection from the OntoInstance based on user requirement, corresponding to the OntoConcept An instance of the OntoSelection is a concrete OntoInstance that is a value of the OntoConceptDomain related to the specific OntoConcept

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization OntoSelection Registry OntoSelection B OntoSelection A AnimalPlant … By OWL By CG OntoConcept OntoInstance

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Overview of MMF for Ontology ModelDomain(fro m Core) OntoConcept Domain OntoInstance ModelInstanc e(from Core) OntoExpression ModelConstru ct(from Core) OWLExpressionCGExpression inherit OntoSelection 0..n OntoConcept n

2004 Open Forum for eBusiness and Metadata Technology Standardization Future Work Adjust with the change of Core Model Study the registry of ontology not only on different expression, but on different aspects, such as up-level ontology, process ontology This presentation is primary idea of new version of draft. Completed draft would be finished in near future