Soft Tissue Injuries:.

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Presentation transcript:

Soft Tissue Injuries:

The Skin: Best be described as the skin and subcutaneous layers. Largest organ of the body. Epidermis - outermost layer consists of dead cells constantly being rubbed off & replaced. Dermis - second layer containing sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, Blood vessels, and nerve endings. Subcutaneous Tissue - innermost layer composed of fat that serves as a body insulator and shock absorber.

Functions of the Skin: Water balance. Temperature regulation. Excretion. Shock absorption.

Closed Soft Tissue Injuries: Characterized as a wound beneath the unbroken skin. Contusion. Hematoma. Crush injury.

Contusion: Bruise Epidermis remains in tact. Injury to cells and blood vessels in the dermis. Localized pain & swelling at the site. Blood accumulation in surrounding tissue causes discoloration. (Ecchymosis).

Hematoma: Similar to contusion. Involves damage to larger blood vessels. Larger amount of tissue damage. Shock can result due to blood loss.

Crush Injuries: Crushing forces applied to body. Can cause internal organ rupture. Internal bleeding may be severe resulting in hypoperfusion.

Emergency Medical Care: BSI. Assure airway and Oxygenation. Treat for shock. Splint painful, swollen, deformed extremities. Transport.

Open Soft Tissue Injuries: The skin has been opened exposing the tissue beneath. Risks. Possible contamination. Infection. Indicator of more serious injury/fracture.

Types of Open Soft Tissue Injuries: Abrasions Lacerations Avulsions Punctures/Penetrations Amputations Crush injuries

Abrasions: Epidermis is damaged by scraping, rubbing, or shearing forces. Considered superficial injury. Painful due to exposed nerve endings. Blood will ooze from wound (capillary bleeding). Road rash. Infection, contamination, & potential for underlying injury.

Lacerations: Break in the skin of varying depth. May be linear, smooth edges. May be stellate or jagged edges. Caused by forceful impact with sharp object. Bleeding may be severe.

Avulsions: Flaps of skin or tissue are torn loose or pulled completely off. Replace flap carefully in place and apply large bulky dressing and bandage in place.

Amputations: Involves the extremities and other body parts. Bleed may be massive but in most cases, very little bleeding occurs.

Penetrations/Punctures: Caused by sharp pointed object. May be no external bleeding. Internal bleeding may be severe. Exit wound may be present. EXAMPLES Gunshot wound. Stab wound.

Crush Injuries: Damage to soft tissue and internal organs. May cause painful, swollen, deformed extremity. External bleeding may be minimal or absent. Internal bleeding may be severe.