Biomes are the Major Types of Terrestrial Ecosystems & Aquatic Ecosystems make up most of the Biosphere By: Matt & Jenna

BIOME A major type of terrestrial ecosystem that covers a large region of Earth

Tropical Forest Biome they occur near the equator where temperatures are warm all year 350 cm of rain per year diversity of plants canopies more than 30 meters greatest diversity of life

Savanna grasslands with scattered trees savanna grasses provide food for grazing animals warm climate with alternating wet and dry seasons animals include: zebras, antelopes, kangaroos, cheetahs, lions, and many insects

Desert less than 30 cm of rain per year they can be found in Asia, Australia, and Africa includes plants like cacti animals and plants here have to conserve water

Chaparral a temperature coastal biome dominated by dense evergreen shrubs mild, rainy winters hot, dry summers found around the Meditteranean Sea and parts of California animals: deer, birds, rodents

Temperate Grassland deep, nutrient rich soil seasonal drought diversity of microorganisms grazing animals such as bison, coyotes, snakes, lizards, and insects

Temperate Deciduous Forest dense stands of deciduous trees needs enough precipitation to support the tall trees winters are cold summers are hot maples, oaks, breeches, and hickory trees includes deer, squirrels, chipmunks, foxes, and bears

Coniferous Forest cone-bearing evergreen trees pine, spruce, fir, and hemlock trees Taiga- long cold winters and heavy snowfall animals here are hares, moose, elk, wolves, and bears in coastal Oregon, Washington, and British Colombia, conditions are warmer and wetter

Tundra cold temperatures high winds found in Artic Circle and high latitudes permafrost have a short summer season animals here are caribou, reindeer, and snowy owl

Ponds and Lakes freshwater ecosystems standing bodies of water divided into zones based on water depth and distance to shore photic zone- shallow water close to shore, light is available for photosynthesis aphotic zone- deep, murky areas of the lake where light levels are too low for photosynthesis benthic zone- the bottom made of rock, sand, and sediment

Streams and Rivers a body of flowing fresh water streams are smaller than rivers near the source, water is cold and low in nutrients water is warmer and murkier upstream algae and anthropods live here animals here are trout, waterfowl, frogs, catfish, and other fish

Estuaries where streams and rivers merge with ocean water fresh water and salt water mix nutrient rich soil supports a diversity of life animals are crabs, oysters, clams, and small fish salt marshes are where grasses grow in salty water

OCEAN ZONES pelagic zone- open water above the the ocean floor intertidal zone- area of shore between hight tide and low tide neritic zone- area of the ocean from the low tide line out to the edge of the continetal shelf oceanic zone- open ocean from the continental shelf outward

Coral Reefs Biologically diverse ecosystem Invert Sponges, sea anemones, worms, sea stars, and mollusks The vertebrates here are sea turtles and fish

Deep Sea Vents They are spots on the ocean floor where hot gases and minerals escape from Earth's interior into the water No sunlight reaches here because it is dark and deep, so communities here have to use chemical energy from the Earth’s energy The producers are prokaryotic

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