Have your work out from last lesson on water use in MEDCs and LEDCs ready to peer assess

Water use in LEDCS Q1.Why is demand for water in LEDCs increasing?[1] Rapid population growth and increasing industrialisation Q2.Why is demand set to rise even further? [1] Because population growth and industrialisation are continuing to grow. Q3.By what % has urban demand for water increased each year since 1990 in China? 6% Q4.The urban demand for water is competing with agricultural need. Give 3 knock-on effects that this may cause. [3] Urban demands are not currently being met and they are expected to increase, could cause conflict, could cause water shortages, could cause problems with the water balance which can have knock on effects to the ecosystems and invariably humans.

Water use in LEDCs (continued) Q5. What improvements have there been to water supplies in Shanghai [2] More and more residences have their own water supply and sanitation systems rather than sharing with others. They are getting water piped to them rather than having to go and fetch it themselves. Q6. What knock on effects apart from on agriculture is this extraction having? [1] Groundwater abstraction is causing subsidence (this means the ground ‘sinks’ and so can cause damage to property.) Q7. How has rapid urbanization affected the quality of the water supply? [1] The water resources in the area are affected by pollution – all drinking water in Shanghai must be boiled because of this.

Water use in MEDCs Q1. Which category of water usage uses the most water in Las Vegas? [1] Residential indoor and outdoor (65% of Las Vegas’ water use) Q2. Give 3 examples of usage that would fall within the category stated in the above answer. [3] Anything that people have at their own homes (e.g. Showering, washing clothes/dishes, watering gardens, swimming pools, decorative water features etc) Q3. The water to Las Vegas comes from several sources, state them. [5] Colorado River, 82% from Lake Mead and the Hoover Dam, new demands from Eastern Nevada Q4. Being in the middle of a desert can cause problems with water supply, why? [2] Little natural supply so has to be sourced from elsewhere – this can cause conflict because there are different groups of people who rely on water (e.g. hotel owners, golf course owners, farmers) and this can cause conflict if there is insufficient supply

Q5. How are some people trying to stop wasting water? [1] Some hotels now irrigate their land by using recycled water, to reduce the amount they use. Q6. If water extraction continues on the Colorado river it could have huge consequences not just for supplying water but also for what vital commodity? [1] Hydro power – which is vital for homes, industry, agriculture and tourism. Q7. The creating of golf courses has at least 2 detrimental effects on water. State them. [2] Extracts lots of water so river levels fall and this affects water habitats; felling of trees in the area increases silt loads in the rivers (normally trees bind the soil together so when they are chopped down the soil/debris gets washed into river channels) and consequently reduce water quality. Q8. Why has the amount of water used in industry in MEDCs decreased? [1] People trying to conserve water more, type of industry is different than that of LEDCs – in MEDCs it tends to be light industries or service based industries which place smaller demands on water than industries such as agriculture which take place largely in LEDCs. Water use in MEDCs (continued)

Grading Work out your score - /26 Record this in your book ScoreGrade 21-26A* 18-20A 15-17B 13-14C 10-12D 8-9E 7 or underU

Human uses of water

Stick the map in your book. Describe the global use of freshwater. Stick the map in your book. Describe the global use of freshwater.

What are main uses that humans have for water? Read the information sheet about human water uses and annotate it to answer the following questions: 1.What is the difference between water consumption and water utilisation? 2.Look at the graph “evolution of global water use” - (a) which sector(s) consume the most water (b) which sector(s) utilise the most water? 3.What % of human water use does agriculture account for? 4.Why is agricultural water use low in some places and high in others? Is there a pattern? (E.g. HICs vs. LICs?) 5.What % of human water use does industry account for? 6.Give 3 examples of industrial uses of water. 7.What is ‘environmental use of water’? 8.What problems can ‘environmental use of water’ create? 9.What % of human water use does household drinking water account for? 10.Define the term ‘potable water’ 11.What problems do some people in LICs face when they are getting access to potable water?