Chapter 8 Section 1

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 First President: George Washington 57 years old April 30, 1789 – first day in office of President  In the Nation’s capital = New York City John Adams – appointed Vice-President Precedents – the traditions  “Mr. President” – address to the President  First Congress First Three Executive Departments: State, Treasury, and War Office of Attorney and Postmaster General Secretary of State: Thomas Jefferson Secretary of Treasury: Alexander Hamilton Secretary of War: Henry Knox Attorney General: Edmund Randolph Cabinet – leaders of the departments of the executive branch Vote: Can the President dismiss cabinet without Congress? Yes

 Judiciary Act of 1789 – compromise between federal and state courts in which the federal court has the right to reverse state court decisions  John Jay – first Supreme Court chief Justice  Bill of Rights – first 10 Amendments to the Constitution that guaranteed basic individual rights Introduced by James Madison Limited the Power of the Federal Government, and placed some of that power in the hands of the states

 National Debt – the amount the nation’s government owed Hamilton’s Plan – pay off states, individuals, and foreign nations Bonds - paper notes promising to repay in a certain length of time Speculators – people who risk money in order to make a larger profit Compromise= the capital of the United States would move to the South, and the Southern states would help pay off the war debt  New Capital: Washington D.C. – located in between Maryland and Virginia

 A National Bank Unconstitutional - inconsistent with the Constitution Supreme Court allows the Bank, because it is “necessary and proper”  Tariff - a tax on imports Protect American industries from foreign ones 1790’s – 90% of Congress’s income was tariffs Hamilton also proposed taxes on items (including whiskey)  Congress was split over this idea

Section 1-27 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Checking for Understanding __ 1.a note issued by the government, which promises to pay off a loan with interest __ 2.a tradition __ 3.the amount of money a national government owes to other governments or its people __ 4.person who risks money in order to make a large profit __ 5.a group of advisers to the president A.precedent B.cabinet C.national debt D.bond E.speculator Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. D B E C A