Corps Water Management System Hydrologic Engineering Center USACE Hydrologic Engineering Center Davis, CA Davis, CA

Objectives Overview and Concept of CWMS Overview and Concept of CWMS Scope for ACF Basin CWMS Deployment Scope for ACF Basin CWMS Deployment ACT/ACF Emergency Action Plan ACT/ACF Emergency Action Plan

Water Control Mission Real-Time Decision Support for Water Management Real-Time Decision Support for Water Management 700+ Multipurpose Reservoirs and Flow Control Structures, Thousands of Miles of Levees 700+ Multipurpose Reservoirs and Flow Control Structures, Thousands of Miles of Levees Expanded Corporate Web- Based Information Expanded Corporate Web- Based Information

CWMS An integrated system of hardware, software, and communication resources supporting Corps’ real-time water control mission

History Manual data collection, storage, analysis, interpretation, modeling historic data begins Automated data systems, satellite broadcast of data, modeling tools broadcast of data, modeling tools develop, deployment of Harris develop, deployment of Harris computer systems. Harris systems gone, PCs, workstations take over mainframe functions, some real-time modeling, and data handling, corporate WCDS modernization plan evolves and work on modernized system begins CWMS integrated suite of hydrologic, operations and impact analysis models available, CWMS deployed Corps-wide development of forecast models for all major watersheds

CWMS Software Integrates the Processing from Data to Water Management Decisions Data Processing Data Storage Modeling Observed Data Water Control Management Decisions Instructions SERVERS Public and Cooperators Field Office Weather Forecast

CWMS - Major Components DatabaseDatabase –Stores hydromet data in Oracle DBMS –Manages retrieval and display of same Data Acquisition (Observations)Data Acquisition (Observations) –Collects real-time data from data streams –Decodes, validates, and transforms the raw data Modeling (Forecasts)Modeling (Forecasts) –Manages model configurations for watersheds –Runs models for operational forecasts

User Control and Visualization

Simulation Modeling

Data Collection Data Base Modeling Information dissemination Data Visualization CWMS Components

Data Acquisition l Collect:  Static data: physical data for model development  Real-time data: observed stream flow, precipitation, temperature, water quality, gate settings, reservoir levels, etc. l Decode l Validate l Transform

Data Dissemination l Common information source l Data & information placed on WEB- based platform l Available to Corps users & outside interests l Real-time availability

Data Visualization

Model Results Time of Forecast

Tabular Information

Data Dissemination

Real-Time Simulation Modeling for Decision Support I see a hurricane in your future.

Data Collection Data Base Modeling Information dissemination Data Visualization RAS (Hydraulics) FIA (Damages) ResSim ( Storage ) HMS (Hydrology) Watershed Modeling Modeling

Modeling for Decision Support Hydrologic / hydraulic simulation models for short-term forecasts and event scenarios Hydrologic / hydraulic simulation models for short-term forecasts and event scenarios Discrete models developed outside CWMS and then linked together Discrete models developed outside CWMS and then linked together Spatially distributed models Spatially distributed models Typically use one week of observed data and evaluate results two weeks into the future Typically use one week of observed data and evaluate results two weeks into the future Evaluate a variety of scenarios: Evaluate a variety of scenarios: –Future precipitation amounts and timing –Reservoir operations –Levee failures

The Modeling Process 1) Check status & currency of real- time data 2) Select a forecast time 3) Adjust model parameters 4) Perform model computations 5) View results 6) Modify model parameters as necessary 7) Re-compute simulation

Precipitation Analysis Precipitation processed on a grid basis. Precipitation processed on a grid basis. Observed data from NEXRAD or interpolated from gages. Observed data from NEXRAD or interpolated from gages. Future Precipitation Scenarios: Future Precipitation Scenarios: –NWS Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts (QPF) –Multiples of the QPF –Manual-entry or standard scenarios (What if?) Timing Timing Location (watershed “zones”) Location (watershed “zones”)

HEC-ResSim Reservoir Simulation System Simulates reservoir regulation using inflow hydrographs & project characteristics

River Hydraulics HEC-RAS Analyzes river hydraulics to compute water depth, velocity, & inundation boundaries Analyzes river hydraulics to compute water depth, velocity, & inundation boundaries Computes water surface profiles and stage hydrographs from HEC-ResSim hydrographs Computes water surface profiles and stage hydrographs from HEC-ResSim hydrographs Steady-flow or unsteady-flow analysis. Steady-flow or unsteady-flow analysis. Channel friction adjusted through CWMS interface Channel friction adjusted through CWMS interface Used in conjunction with Arc, inundation boundaries and depth maps are computed then viewed with CorpsView, an extension to Arc Used in conjunction with Arc, inundation boundaries and depth maps are computed then viewed with CorpsView, an extension to Arc

River Profile Modeling

Economic / Impact Analysis (HEC-FIA) Computes agricultural and urban damages and project benefits by “impact area” Computes agricultural and urban damages and project benefits by “impact area” Computes damages and benefits between different scenarios, and with and without project conditions Computes damages and benefits between different scenarios, and with and without project conditions “Action tables” provide a list and time of actions to take during an event, based on forecasted stages “Action tables” provide a list and time of actions to take during an event, based on forecasted stages

CWMS Model Linking HEC-HMS computes forecasted flows from HEC-HMS computes forecasted flows from –Observed precipitation from NEXRAD and rain gages –Future precipitation forecasts and scenarios –Observed flow ResSim simulates reservoir operations and downstream flows from HEC-HMS flows. ResSim simulates reservoir operations and downstream flows from HEC-HMS flows. HEC-RAS computes stages and inundation areas from ResSim flows. HEC-RAS computes stages and inundation areas from ResSim flows. FIA computes damages and impacts from HEC-RAS stages or ResSim flows. FIA computes damages and impacts from HEC-RAS stages or ResSim flows. Inundation areas and depths are displayed in CorpsView, an extension to ARC. Inundation areas and depths are displayed in CorpsView, an extension to ARC.

CWMS Summary Comprehensive, integrated system for real-time water control decision support Comprehensive, integrated system for real-time water control decision support Complete data retrieval / verification / database system Complete data retrieval / verification / database system Full range of hydrologic / hydraulic modeling software to evaluate operational decisions and compare the impact of various “what if?” scenarios Full range of hydrologic / hydraulic modeling software to evaluate operational decisions and compare the impact of various “what if?” scenarios Client / Server architecture, with full set of visualization tools to evaluate data and model results Client / Server architecture, with full set of visualization tools to evaluate data and model results

ACF Basin CWMS Deployment The ACF basin is selected in the SAD region. The ACF basin is selected in the SAD region. Funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) Funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) Being conducted by WEST Consultants, Inc., HEC’s BPA contractor Being conducted by WEST Consultants, Inc., HEC’s BPA contractor Timeline: October 2009 – September 2010 Timeline: October 2009 – September 2010

Major Tasks HEC-HMS rainfall- runoff simulation HEC-HMS rainfall- runoff simulation For the entire watershed For the entire watershed Use information from existing hydrologic models as much as possible Use information from existing hydrologic models as much as possible Based on gridded precipitation Based on gridded precipitation Extensive model calibration/validation Extensive model calibration/validation

Major Tasks HEC-ResSim reservoir simulation HEC-ResSim reservoir simulation Hourly time-step Hourly time-step Including all Corps’ and GPC projects Including all Corps’ and GPC projects Convert from the daily model currently being developed by the SAM and HEC Convert from the daily model currently being developed by the SAM and HEC Inflow to HEC-ResSim comes from HEC- HMS and/or NWS Inflow to HEC-ResSim comes from HEC- HMS and/or NWS Output from the NWS model will be saved as HEC-DSS files and automatically uploaded to the SAM CWMS database Output from the NWS model will be saved as HEC-DSS files and automatically uploaded to the SAM CWMS database

Major Tasks HEC-RAS Unsteady Flow Simulation HEC-RAS Unsteady Flow Simulation One-dimensional unsteady flow model One-dimensional unsteady flow model The geometry is georeferenced The geometry is georeferenced Inflow to HEC-RAS comes from HEC- HMS/HEC-ResSim and/or NWS/USGS Inflow to HEC-RAS comes from HEC- HMS/HEC-ResSim and/or NWS/USGS Extensive model calibration/validation Extensive model calibration/validation

Major Tasks HEC-RAS Unsteady Flow Simulation HEC-RAS Unsteady Flow Simulation Three reaches Three reaches – Chattahoochee River from Lake Lanier to Norcross (approximately 20 miles) – Chattahoochee River from West Point to Langdale Dam (approximately 7 to 9 miles) – Apalachicola River from Jim Woodruff Dam to Apalachicola Bay

Major Tasks HEC-RAS Unsteady Flow Simulation HEC-RAS Unsteady Flow Simulation Inundation mapping is not part of this CWMS deployment effort. Inundation mapping is not part of this CWMS deployment effort. It can be done using the CWMS model results since the HEC- RAS models are georeferenced. It can be done using the CWMS model results since the HEC- RAS models are georeferenced.

Major Tasks HEC-FIA Flood Impact Analysis HEC-FIA Flood Impact Analysis Compute flood damage and benefit Compute flood damage and benefit Two reaches Two reaches – Chattahoochee River from Lake Lanier to Norcross (approximately 20 miles) – Chattahoochee River from West Point to Langdale Dam (approximately 7 to 9 miles)

Major Tasks CWMS Integration CWMS Integration Link all model components together Link all model components together Test the CWMS system for selected events Test the CWMS system for selected events Stress test for real-time operational forecast Stress test for real-time operational forecast

ACT/ACF Emergency Action Plan Dam failure analysis Dam failure analysis Inundation Mapping Support Inundation Mapping Support Stimulus Funded Stimulus Funded

Purpose Documents actions to be taken by project personnel should a distress indicator be identified Documents actions to be taken by project personnel should a distress indicator be identified Emergency Notification Plan which identifies the notification procedures for rapid dissemination of emergency actions Emergency Notification Plan which identifies the notification procedures for rapid dissemination of emergency actions –Time available for corrective action is most critical Instantaneous failure – few minutes to 2 days Instantaneous failure – few minutes to 2 days Time of travel of flood wave from origin to areas Time of travel of flood wave from origin to areas

What’s required?– Dam Break Analysis Time available for corrective action is most critical Time available for corrective action is most critical –Instantaneous failure – few minutes to 2 days Time of travel of flood wave from origin to areas downstream Time of travel of flood wave from origin to areas downstream Inundation maps which indicate the areas which would be flooded as a result of a hypothesized dam failure Inundation maps which indicate the areas which would be flooded as a result of a hypothesized dam failure

Projects ACT ACT –Allatoona –Carters ACF ACF –Buford –West Point

Products HEC-GeoRAS and HEC-RAS models to simulate the flows from the tributary areas and from the dam in a breached and non-breached condition HEC-GeoRAS and HEC-RAS models to simulate the flows from the tributary areas and from the dam in a breached and non-breached condition 1.Spillway design discharge, without dam failure 2.Spillway design discharge, with dam failure 3.Dam failure at normal high pool level 4.Discharge at normal high pool, without dam failure

Analysis The A/E will apply the models and route the resulting flows downstream to a point where there is less than a 2 foot increase in stage between the dam failure and non failure cases The A/E will apply the models and route the resulting flows downstream to a point where there is less than a 2 foot increase in stage between the dam failure and non failure cases No bridge or culvert data will be used in developing the HEC-RAS model. It is assumed that the effects of a dam or culvert would be minor in comparison to the magnitude of the flows resulting from dam failure. No bridge or culvert data will be used in developing the HEC-RAS model. It is assumed that the effects of a dam or culvert would be minor in comparison to the magnitude of the flows resulting from dam failure. Summary tables of peak flows, stages, flood wave arrival time, and velocities by station Summary tables of peak flows, stages, flood wave arrival time, and velocities by station

Data Collection To perform the dam failure analyses and inundation mapping To perform the dam failure analyses and inundation mapping –Available 10m DEMs from the USGS National Elevation Dataset –Current Water Control Manuals (WCM)

Questions?