John Locke By Anjelica Short, Lea Fuscaldo, & Alexandra Boden

Biography Born August 29, 1632 in Somerset, Engand Raised in Pensford Family = Anglican-Puritan Educated in West Mininister School + Christ Church, Oxford Oxford = curriculum unaltered by Puritan reforms Oxford = curriculum unaltered by Puritan reforms met Lord Ashley Locke helped him write constitution of Carolina Locke helped him write constitution of Carolina age 72

Lord Ashley Aggressive politician Aggressive politician Many enemies Many enemies Views: Views: Constitutional monarchy Constitutional monarchy Protestant succession Protestant succession Civil liberty Civil liberty Religious tolerance Religious tolerance Parliament rule Parliament rule Economic expansion Economic expansion

Education West Minister School  Studied: Latin Greek Arabic Hebrew  Received a scholarship to Christ Church, Oxford

Education cont’d Oxford  Studied Rhetoric Grammar Moral philosophy Geometry Greek  Studied mostly outside of school Interested in science and medicine

Publications and Writing “Two Treatsies of Government” –» about social contract theory of gov’t “An Essay Concerning Human Understanding” » on origins of human knowledge “Some Thoughts Concerning Education” » Rewards and punishment = motivation

{Philosophy} Golden Rule Golden Rule Liberalism Liberalism Natural rights Natural rights Government by consent of governed Government by consent of governed Social contracts Social contracts Limited state Limited state Private property Private property People = property of of God » all = equal People = property of of God » all = equal No suicide No suicide No murder No murder No maiming No maiming Etc. Etc.

{Philosophy} Slaves = can only be an opposing aggressor in war Slaves = can only be an opposing aggressor in war Slavery = compact for obedience and limited power in return for extended life Slavery = compact for obedience and limited power in return for extended life State of war = only possible when someone proposes to violate someone else’s rights » one innocent party and one unjust aggressor State of war = only possible when someone proposes to violate someone else’s rights » one innocent party and one unjust aggressor Only way to be victorious = kill or enslave aggressor Only way to be victorious = kill or enslave aggressor

{Political Theories} esp. regarding gov’t Governed have a say in government Governed have a say in government If the government is unjust » people have right to rebel/overthrow If the government is unjust » people have right to rebel/overthrow Secular Secular The sole purpose of government is to keep justice and protect the rights of the governed; they only have power by consent of the governed

L OCKE ’ S I NFLUENCE Declaration of Independence “…all men are created equal” “…unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness…” “…[governments derive] their powers from the consent of the governed…” “…Right of the People to abolish it, and to institute a new Government…” “…it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off [a corrupt government]…” Secular government Capitalist democracy Constitution

Works Cited Cranston, Maurice W. "John Locke." ABC-CLIO Web. 8 Oct Kemberling, Garth. "John Locke." Philosophy Pages. Britannica, 27 Oct Web. 8 Oct King, Peter J. "Life and Work." Philosophers. Peter J King, Aug Web. 8 Oct "Locke, John." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica 2009 Student and Home Edition. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Sheldon, Garret W. "John Locke." Facts on file. American History Online, Web. 8 Oct Uzgalis, Willam. "John Locke." Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Web. 8 Oct