Great Political Theorists That shaped America… and Canada too.

Thomas Hobbes Witnessed times of chaos, __________ Government was a ___________ force. Governments must rule over people because people are _______ and in ___________.

John Locke People are ________ and __________. All laws need to fulfill a certain element of “cosmic justice.” Laws are _________ and must be enforced ________ A true _________ government is a government by consent of the people. The more communication the less need for ____________.

Hobbes v. Locke Hobbes –No such thing as a “state of _____” this “state” is one of chaos, war, and ignorance. –Religious Freedom: Government is man made, government creates rights, government did not create _____so religion and politics are _________. Locke –Believed that “state of nature” is the core: Human laws must observe a certain _________ __________. –Not only were the Founding Fathers meeting their human potential, but they were restoring this notion of cosmic justice or “God’s law.”

Who won the debate? They both did! The Founding Fathers credit most to Locke, but did not forget Hobbes. They took a Hobbesian view that the _________ they and the people were creating would live or die on human merits, and in doing so raised the bar for what human ____, what ___________, should accomplish. Hobbes=Human Merit Locke=Cosmic Justice

Baron de Montesquieu The best government has three _______ parts that represent each part of ________. _______ supports the idea of separate powers. Human reason and morality are the ____.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau The people have _____ the power (_______ ________) and it is inalienable, society corrupts but government is needed to enforce _________ ______! The Social Contract: Published in 1762 (Founding Fathers Contemporary) People need to _____ the state and the state needs to _____ people.

Karl Marx The ______ are the only ones capable of ruling! (The Proletariat/worker) Revolution will overthrow the ___________ (wealthy). Workers of the world unite! –V.I. Lenin –Mao Zedong

Writings you should know… Two Treatises of Government, Locke: Outlined a society based on natural rights and contract theory. The Social Contract, Rousseau: Man must abandon their natural rights and come together in a civil society based in the social contract. The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu: A government should exist with three branches to represent each level of society. The Communist Manifesto, Marx: Outlines the struggle of the proletariat to free themselves from Bourgeois oppression. “Arbeiters des Weltes vereinigt!”