INTRO Principles of Government

Essential Features of the State Population Territory Culture Sovereignty Government

Population Aliens Immigration Family Story Citizenship Cultures

Territory Boundaries Comparisons US Growth

Sovereignty Power  Democracy  Federalism  Branches  Civics  Policy  World

Government Theories Purpose Preamble Constitution Comparative

State Political community that occupies a definite territory and has an organized government  The state  A state  States

Nation Common bonds of race, language, custom, tradition, religion  Nation-state – one nation within the political boundary

Theories of the Origins of the State Evolved from family groups and tribes Force is used to establish authority God or gods chooses those who rule The people gave the government power to rule them

Social Contract Theory that by contract, people surrender to the state the power needed to maintain order and the state, in turn agrees to protect its citizens John Locke

Purposes of Government Maintain social order Provide essential services Protect citizens from attack Shape and control the economy

Reflection How well does the US government fulfill its purpose of government today?

Systems of Government Federal – divides power between national and provincial governments Unitary – gives all key powers to the central government

Types of government Autocracy – the power to rule is in the hands of a single individual Oligarchy – government in which a small group holds power Democracy – rule of the people

Autocracy Dictatorship - military Absolute Monarchy - heredity Kim Jong Il North Korea King Abdullah Bin Abdul-Aziz Saudi Arabia

Oligarchy Communist  Party  Economics Theocracy  Religion Military  Hierarchy Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, , Russian revolutionary Grand Ayatollah Sayyed Ruhollah Mostafavi Moosavi Khomeini Supreme Leader of Iran Muammar Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi Libya, 1969

Democracy Direct – all vote on everything Representative – in my place Republic – division of power Constitutional Monarchy  Royal figure, representative Socialist – economic choice Nicolas Sarkozy France Elizabeth II Queen, UK Gordon Brown Prime Minister, UK

Characteristics of a Successful Democracy Secures equal opportunity for citizens Majority rule with minority rights Free and fair elections Full participation in civic life Stable growing economy Large middle class Strong civil society  Voluntary groups, social organizations, free press, religious groups, educational system, labor organizations

US Power Structure

Developing a Government Now that you know the basics, work in groups of 4 to develop a government. You need to provide for ALL essential services.  20 minutes to work  2 minute presentation