Sigmund Freud

State Standards Standard 5.0 Standard 5.0 identify people who are part of the history of psychology. identify people who are part of the history of psychology. describe the major 20th century schools of psychology such as Behaviorism, Gestalt, Psychoanalysis, and Humanistic. describe the major 20th century schools of psychology such as Behaviorism, Gestalt, Psychoanalysis, and Humanistic.

State Standards Standard 6.1 Standard 6.1 understand personality approaches and understand personality approaches and theories. theories. apply developmental theories to life situations. apply developmental theories to life situations.

Freud was the first to suggest that everyone has a large unconscious. Freud was the first to suggest that everyone has a large unconscious. He identified 3 parts of the personality: Id, Ego, Superego. He identified 3 parts of the personality: Id, Ego, Superego.

Id The reservoir of instinctual The reservoir of instinctual and biological urges and biological urges Operates on “pleasure principle.” Operates on “pleasure principle.”

Ego Rational, thoughtful decision-maker. Rational, thoughtful decision-maker. Operates on “reality principle.” Operates on “reality principle.”

Superego Source of conscience that inhibits the socially undesirable impulses of the id. Source of conscience that inhibits the socially undesirable impulses of the id. Operates on “moral principle.” Operates on “moral principle.”

Video [5:31]

Freudian Theories Oedipal Complex / Electra Complex Oedipal Complex / Electra Complex Anal Retention / Anal Expulsion Anal Retention / Anal Expulsion Oral Fixation Oral Fixation Phallic Symbols Phallic Symbols “Freudian Slips” “Freudian Slips”

Freud’s Psychosexual Stages STAGE STAGE Oral (0-18 months) Anal (18-36 months) Phallic (3-6 years) Latency (6 to puberty) Genital (puberty on) FOCUS FOCUS Pleasure centers on the mouth- sucking, chewing, biting Pleasure centers on the mouth- sucking, chewing, biting Pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control Pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control Pleasure zone is the genitals; coping with incestuous sexual feelings Pleasure zone is the genitals; coping with incestuous sexual feelings Dormant sexual feeling Dormant sexual feeling Maturation of sexual interest Maturation of sexual interest

Defense Mechanisms 1. Repression Pushing painful thoughts out of the conscious without realizing it. Pushing painful thoughts out of the conscious without realizing it.

2. Denial Not admitting the present reality. Not admitting the present reality.

3. Projection Believing the impulses coming from within are really coming from other people. Believing the impulses coming from within are really coming from other people.

4. Reaction Formation Replacing an unacceptable feeling with an opposite one. Replacing an unacceptable feeling with an opposite one.

5. Regression Going back to a less mature pattern of behavior. Going back to a less mature pattern of behavior.

6. Displacement Re-directing an inappropriate emotion towards an acceptable source. Re-directing an inappropriate emotion towards an acceptable source.

7. Sublimation Re-directing a forbidden desire with a socially accepted desire. Re-directing a forbidden desire with a socially accepted desire.

Journal Topic Think of a time that you have chosen a defense mechanism. What conflict was occurring between your ego, id, or superego? Think of a time that you have chosen a defense mechanism. What conflict was occurring between your ego, id, or superego?

Journal Topic Imagine your life without defense mechanisms! Imagine your life without defense mechanisms! Express your id. Write what you would like to say to someone in your life. Express your id. Write what you would like to say to someone in your life.