Psychology Review What is Psychology? Unit 1 Review.

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Presentation transcript:

Psychology Review What is Psychology? Unit 1 Review

Psychodynamic Approach Behavior is controlled by the unconscious mind Id, ego, superego Freudian slip (of the tongue)

Behaviorist Approach Behaviors are acquired through our environment We learn behavior from outside influences (nurture)

Humanist Approach How we view ourselves (inner feelings)

Cognitive Approach The way a Human processes, stores and uses information Brain is like a computer

Biological Approach Behavior and experiences are caused by activity in the nervous system of the body

Phrenology Study of the human skull

Nature v. Nurture Inborn v influence Nature – Behavior is determined by your inherent genetic structure Nurture- Behavior is a result of learning and experience resulting from outside factors

Stream of consciousness Flow of thoughts through the mind that can help explain the mind William James

Lab experiment (lab observation) Behavior as it occurs in lab setting with intervention/control

Field Experiment (naturalistic observation) Behavior as it occurs in a natural setting with no attempts at intervention

Hypothesis A prediction A group of subjects who are exposed to the variable being studied Experimental Group

Control Group A group of subjects, close to the treatment group, but not receiving the factor being studied Independent Variable Variable in a study you have control over

Dependent Variable Variable in a study that depends on the IV what you measure in the experiment and what is affected during the experiment Final judgment or summarization Conclusion

Correlation Measure of the extent in which two variables are related Process of viewing something or someone carefully in order to gain information Observation

What are the goals of Psychology? description of behavior using careful observations explanation identifying the cause(s) of behavior prediction allows for specification of the conditions under which a behavior will or will not occur facilitating changes in behavior (e.g., therapy)

Earliest Psychologists Plato – Truth can be found in the mind (knowledge in our souls) Democritus- the world behaves like a machine which changes because of moving atoms Aristotle – knowledge is gained through experience (4 laws) Decartes- Dualism Mind/body seperate

Who is the father of experimental Psychology? William Wundt

What 2 men are resposible for Behavorism? Skinner and Watson

What does Psychology Value today? 1. Empiricle evidence 2. Critical thinking 3. Systematic research methods

Pavlov’s Contributions Studied Classical Conditioning and behaviorism Pavlov’s dogs

Freud’s Contributions Psychoanalytical study – Id, ego, superego – -learn behavior from childhood – Oedipus complex

Piaget’s Contributions Study of child development in stages from birth to adulthood

Watson’s Contributions Father of behaviorism Little Albert Experiment

Maslow’s Contributions Hierarchy of needs Human motivation

Psychologist v Psychiatrist Difference Schooling Psychologist - psychotherapy, administers psychological tests, and conducts research Psychiatrist- can assess patients, diagnose disorders, provide psychotherapy and prescribe medications to patients Similarities work with people suffering from grief, trauma or mental disorders conduct psychotherapy and research provides therapy services