Configuring the Router Chapter 7 Connecting People To Information

Loading Configuration Files

Connecting People To Information Router Configuration Overview Load configuration parameters into RAM Personalize router identification Assign access passwords Configure interfaces Save configuration parameters to NVRAM

Connecting People To Information Loading Configuration Files (Release 10.3+) Console or Terminal RAM TFTP Server NVRAM configure terminal copy startup-config running-config copy tftp running-config copy tftp startup-config copy tftp startup-config

Connecting People To Information Loading from a TFTP Server Router#copy tftp running-config Host or network configuration file [host]? IP address of remote host [ ]? Name of configuration file [Router-confg]? P1R1.2 Configure using P1R1.2 from ? [confirm] y Booting P1R1.2 from :!! [OK - 874/16000 bytes] P1R1# TFTP Server RAM

Router Modes

Connecting People To Information Router(config)# Router> Router# Other configuration modes Exit Ctrl-Z (end) Overview of Router Modes User EXEC mode Privileged EXEC mode Global configuration mode Configuration Mode Prompt Interface Router(config-if)# Subinterface Router(config-subif)# Controller Router(config-controller)# Line Router(config-line)# Router Router(config-router)# IPX-router Router(config-ipx-router)# Route-map Router(config-route-map)#

Connecting People To Information Configuring Router Identification Sets local identity or message for the accessed router or interface Router Name Router(config)#hostname P1R1 P1R1# Message of the Day Banner P1R1(config)#banner motd # Accounting Department You have entered a secured system. Authorized access only! # Interface Description P1R1(config)#interface ethernet 0 P1R1(config-if)#description Engineering LAN, Bldg. 18

Connecting People To Information Password Configuration Router(config)#line console 0 Router(config-line)#login Router(config-line)#password cisco Console Password Virtual Terminal Password Router(config)#line vty 0 4 Router(config-line)#login Router(config-line)#password sanjose Enable Password Router(config)#enable password cisco Secret Password Router(config)#enable secret sanfran

Connecting People To Information Router(config)#interface type number Router(config-if)# Configuring an Interface type includes serial, ethernet, token ring, fddi, hssi, loopback, dialer, null, async, atm, bri, and tunnel number is used to identify individual interfaces

Connecting People To Information Router(config)#interface type number Router(config-if)# Configuring an Interface type includes serial, ethernet, token ring, fddi, hssi, loopback, dialer, null, async, atm, bri, and tunnel number is used to identify individual interfaces Router(config)#interface type slot/port Router(config-if)# For the Cisco 7000 and 7200 series routers

Connecting People To Information Router(config)#interface type number Router(config-if)# Configuring an Interface type includes serial, ethernet, token ring, fddi, hssi, loopback, dialer, null, async, atm, bri, and tunnel number is used to identify individual interfaces Router(config-if)#exit Quit from current interface configuration mode Router(config)#interface type slot/port Router(config-if)# For the Cisco 7000 and 7200 series routers

Connecting People To Information Router#show interfaces Ethernet0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is Lance, address is c2b6 (bia c2b6) MTU 1500 bytes, BW Kbit, DLY 1000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00 Serial1 is up, line protocol is down Hardware is MK5025 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY usec, rely 255/255, load 9/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) show interfaces Command

Connecting People To Information Router#show interface serial 1 Serial1 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is cxBus Serial Description: 56Kb Line San Jose - MP :: :: :: :: :: :: :: :: :: :: Operational Connection Problem... Interface Problem Disabled Serial1 is up, line protocol is up Serial1 is up, line protocol is down Serial1 is down, line protocol is down Serial1 is administratively down, line protocol is down KeepalivesCarrier Detect Interpreting Interface Status

Connecting People To Information Configuring a Serial Line Enter global configuration mode Router(config-if)#clock rate Router(config-if)# Router(config)#interface serial 1 Router(config-if)# Router#configure term Router(config)# Router(config-if)#bandwidth 56 Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#exit Router# Specify interface Set DCE clock rate (optional) Set bandwidth (optional)

Connecting People To Information Determining DCE/DTE Status Router#show controllers serial 1 HD unit 1, idb = 0xBFD3C, driver structure at 0xC39A0 buffer size 1524 HD unit 1, V.35 DCE cable, clockrate cpb = 0x83, eda = 0x800, cda = 0x814 RX ring with 16 entries at 0x bd_ptr=0x0800 pak=0x0C54F0 ds=0x status=80 pak_size=22 01 bd_ptr=0x0814 pak=0x0C5158 ds=0x835BC8 status=80 pak_size=22 02 bd_ptr=0x0828 pak=0x0C4F8C ds=0x status=80 pak_size= bd_ptr=0x083C pak=0x0C4DC0 ds=0x834E58 status=80 pak_size=22 04 bd_ptr=0x0850 pak=0x0C6184 ds=0x status=80 pak_size=22 05 bd_ptr=0x0864 pak=0x0C4BF4 ds=0x8347A0 status=80 pak_size=

Connecting People To Information Verifying Your Changes Router#show interfaces serial 1 Serial1 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is MK5025 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 56 Kbit, DLY usec, rely 255/255, load 9/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input 0:00:00, output 0:00:01, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops Five minute input rate 1000 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec Five minute output rate 2000 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec packets input, bytes, 0 no buffer Received broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants 3 input errors, 3 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort packets output, bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 8 interface resets, 0 restarts 45 carrier transitions

Connecting People To Information Other Interface Configuration Examples Specify the ring speed for Token Ring Router(config)#interface tokenring 2/0 Router(config-if)#early-token release Router(config-if)#ring-speed 16

Connecting People To Information Other Interface Configuration Examples Specify the ring speed for Token Ring Router(config)#interface tokenring 2/0 Router(config-if)#early-token release Router(config-if)#ring-speed 16 Router(config)#interface ethernet 2 Router(config-if)#media-type 10baseT Select the media-type connector for the Ethernet interface

Connecting People To Information Router#configure term Router(config)#interface serial 1 Router(config-if)#shutdown %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line Protocol on Interface Serial1, changed state to down %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial, changed state to administratively down Shutting Down an Interface Use this command to administratively turn off an interface without altering its other configuration entries

Connecting People To Information Use this command to administratively turn on an interface that has been shut down Router#configure term Router(config)#interface serial 1 Router(config-if)#shutdown %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line Protocol on Interface Serial1, changed state to down %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial, changed state to administratively down Shutting Down an Interface Use this command to administratively turn off an interface without altering its other configuration entries Router#configure term Router(config)#interface serial 1 Router(config-if)#no shutdown %LINK-3-UPTOWN: Interface Serial, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line Protocol on Interface Serial1, changed state to up

Connecting People To Information Verifying the Changes (Release 10.3+) Yes Make changes in configuration modes Make changes in configuration modes Examine results Router#show running-config Examine results Router#show running-config Intended results? Intended results? Save changes to backup Router#copy running-config startup-config Router#copy running-config tftp Save changes to backup Router#copy running-config startup-config Router#copy running-config tftp Examine backup file Router#show startup-config Examine backup file Router#show startup-config No Remove changes Noninvasive changes: Router(config)#no.... Router#copy start run Router#copy TFTP run Router#reload Router#copy TFTP start Router#reload Invasive changes: Last resort changes: Router#erase start Router#reload

Connecting People To Information Saving Configuration Changes (Release 10.3+) Router#copy running-config startup-config Router# RAM NVRAM Router#copy running-config tftp Remote host [ ]? RAM TFTP or rcp server

Managing the Configuration Environment

Connecting People To Information ROM monitor Locating the Cisco IOS Software Configuration Registers Registers in NVRAM for modifying fundamental Cisco IOS software Identifies where to boot Cisco IOS image (for example, use config-mode commands) Configuration Registers Registers in NVRAM for modifying fundamental Cisco IOS software Identifies where to boot Cisco IOS image (for example, use config-mode commands) Router#configure terminal Router(config)#boot system flash IOS_filename Router(config)#boot system tftp IOS_filename tftp_address Router(config)#boot system rom [Ctrl-Z] Router#copy running-config startup-config Router#configure terminal Router(config)#boot system flash IOS_filename Router(config)#boot system tftp IOS_filename tftp_address Router(config)#boot system rom [Ctrl-Z] Router#copy running-config startup-config Boot system commands not found In NVRAM Get default Cisco IOS software from Flash Flash memory empty Get default Cisco IOS software from TFTP server

Connecting People To Information Router#show version IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-JS-L), Version 11.2 (6), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Tue 06-May-97 16:17 by kuong Image text-base: 0x0303ED8C, data-base: 0x ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 5.2(8a), RELEASE SOFTWARE ROM: 3000 Bootstrap Software (IGS-RXBOOT), version 10.2 (8a), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Router uptime is 21 hours, 13 minutes System restarted by reload System image file is "flash:c2500-js-l bin", booted via flash Configuration register is 0x2102 Determining the Current Configuration Register Value......

Connecting People To Information Configuration Register bits 3, 2, 1, and 0 set boot option Check Configuration Register setting with show version Configuration Register Values Configuration-Register Value 0x0 0x2 to 0xF 0x1 Meaning Use ROM monitor mode (Manually boot using the b command) Examine NVRAM for boot system commands (0x2 default if router has Flash) Automatically boot from ROM (Provides IOS subset) Router#configure terminal Router(config)#config-register 0x2102 [Ctrl-Z] Router#reload

Connecting People To Information Router#configure terminal Router(config)#boot system flash c2500-js-l [Ctrl-Z] Router#copy running-config startup-config Flash Network Router#configure terminal Router(config)#boot system tftp test.exe [Ctrl-Z] Router#copy running-config startup-config ROM Router#configure terminal Router(config)#boot system rom [Ctrl-Z] Router#copy running-config startup-config Multiple boot system commands select bootstrap fallback sequence Boot System Options in Software

Connecting People To Information Preparing for a Network Backup Image Network Server Router Check space available on server Check naming convention Check access to the server Network Server c2500-js-l.112-6

Connecting People To Information Router#show flash System flash directory: File Length Name/status c2500-js-l bin [ bytes used, available, total] 8192K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY) Verifying Available Memory Verify that Flash memory has room for the Cisco IOS image

Connecting People To Information Router#show flash System flash directory: File Length Name/status c2500-js-l bin [ bytes used, available, total] 8192K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY ) Deciphering Image Filenames

Connecting People To Information Router#copy flash tftp System flash directory: File Length Name/status c2500-js-l bin [ bytes used, available, total] 8192K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY) IP address of remote host [ ]? filename to write on tftp host? c2500-js-l writing c2500-js-l !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! successful tftp write. Router# Creating a Software Image Backup Back up current files prior to updating Flash Network Server FLASH copy flash tftp

Connecting People To Information Router#copy tftp flash IP address or name of remote host [ ]? Name of tftp filename to copy into flash []? c4500-js-l copy c4500-js-l from into flash memory? [confirm] xxxxxxxx bytes available for writing without erasure. erase flash before writing? [confirm] Clearing and initializing flash memory (please wait)####...## Loading from : !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!(text omitted) [OK / bytes] Verifying checksum... VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV VVVVVV(text omitted) Flash verification successful. Length = , checksum = 0xA5D3 Upgrading the Image from the Net Erase Flash occurs before loading new image Network Server FLASH

Connecting People To Information Overwriting an Existing Image Note message that image already exists Network Server FLASH Router#copy tftp flash IP address or name of remote host [ ]? Name of tftp filename to copy into flash []? c4500-js-l File c4500-js-l already exists; it will be invalidated! Copy c4500-js-l from into flash memory? [confirm] xxxxxxxx bytes available for writing without erasure. erase flash before writing? [confirm] Clearing and initializing flash memory (please wait)####...## Loading from : !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!(text omitted) [OK / bytes] Verifying checksum... VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV VVVVVV(text omitted) Flash verification successful. Length = , checksum = 0x95D9

Connecting People To Information Changing a Configuration Using Setup Mode Router#setup --- System Configuration Dialog --- At any point you may enter a question mark '?' for help. Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt. Default settings are in square brackets '[ ]'. Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/no]:yes First, would you like to see the current interface summary? [yes]:no

Connecting People To Information Setup Mode Global Parameters Configuring global parameters: Enter host name [Router]:P1R1 The enable secret is a one-way cryptographic secret used instead of the enable password when it exists. Enter enable secret [ ]: Enter enable password [sanfran]: % Please choose a password that is different from the enable secret Enter enable password [sanfran]:cisco Enter virtual terminal password [sanjose]: Configure SNMP Network Management? [no]: Configure IP? [yes]: Configure IGRP routing? [yes]: Your IGRP autonomous system number [1]:......

Connecting People To Information Configuring interface parameters: Configuring interface TokenRing0: Is this interface in use? [no]: Configuring interface Serial0: Is this interface in use? [yes]: Configure IP on this interface? [yes]: Configure IP unnumbered on this interface? [no]: IP address for this interface: Number of bits in subnet field [0]: Class B network is , 0 subnet bits; mask is Configure Novell on this interface? [yes]: no Configuring interface Serial1: Is this interface in use? [yes]: no Setup Mode Interface Parameters

Connecting People To Information Setup Mode Script Review The following configuration command script was created: hostname P1R1 enable secret 5 $1$g722$dg2UVvWG6eekNRTE5LfmM/ enable password sanfran line vty 0 4 password sanfran snmp-server community ! ip routing no decnet routing no xns routing novell routing no apollo routing appletalk routing no clns routing no vines no bridge no mop enabled -- More -- interface TokenRing0 shutdown ! interface Serial0 ip address interface Serial1 shutdown ! router igrp 200 network ! end Use this configuration? [yes/no]: yes [OK] Use the enabled mode 'configure' command to modify this configuration.