AVIATION SAFETY & SECURITY LECTURE 2: AIRPORT SECURITY

OBJECTIVES Able to explain in general how airport security works. Know the equipments and the process related to Airport Security. Able to explain the important of airport security.

REVIEW What is Safety? What is security? How do they relate to each other?

SECURITY Security is a procedure or action taken to ensure safety of a person. The PROCESS of hazard identification and risk management is a SECURITY measurement.

SECURITY KEYWORDS Procedure Action taken Techniques Methods TO ENSURE SAFETY

DO YOU AGREE THAT WE SHOULD START FROM AIRPORT SECURITY? Refer to the TECHNIQUES and METHODS used. Protect airports and aircraft from crime and terrorism (especially after 11/9/2001). DO YOU AGREE THAT WE SHOULD START FROM AIRPORT SECURITY? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWER.

AVIATION WORLD SAFETY PASSENGER AIRCRAFT / AIRPLANES TICKET CONTER PILOT AND CREW AIRPORT CARGO AVIATION MANAGEMENT FLIGHT CONDITION SAFETY

Passenger (From home) Airport Aircraft/ Airplanes Safe Flight Arrive at Destination PASSENGER ROUTE MAP

AIRPORT SECURITY: INTRODUCTION Large numbers of people pass through airports every day. According to the Department of Homeland Security, 730 MILLION PEOPLE travel on passenger jets every year. More than 700 MILLION PIECES OF BAGGAGE are screened- for explosives and other dangerous items. 730, 000, 000 / 365days = 2, 000, 000 passengers in one day

somebody using violence for political purposes. Continue. . . This mass gathering attracts terrorism. WHO IS TERRORIST? somebody using violence for political purposes. somebody who uses violence, especially bombing, kidnapping, and assassination, to intimidate others, often for political purposes. They interested in high concentrated people. Example: Airport.

Continue . . . The high concentration of people on large airliners, the potential high lethality rate of attacks on aircraft, and the ability to use a hijacked airplane as a lethal weapon provide an alluring target for terrorism. Alluring means extremely attractive or tempting.

Continue . . . Airport security provides: - First line of defense. - Attempting to stop would-be attackers from bringing weapons or bombs into the airport. If they can succeed in this, then the chances of these devices getting on to aircraft are greatly reduced. 2 purposes of Airport Security are: - protect airport from attacks and crime. - protect aircraft from attack.

HOW AIRPORT SECURITY WORKS First Line Defense : Who are you Confirming the identity of travelers. This is done by checking: - Photo ID - Identity Card - Passenger details If you are traveling internationally, you need to present your passport.

HOW AIRPORT SECURITY WORKS First Line Defense Security patrols regularly scan the perimeter in case someone tries to cut through the fence. Especially sensitive areas, like fuel depots or the terminals and baggage handling facilities are even more secure, with more fences and security checkpoints. All access gates are monitored by either a guard station or surveillance cameras. (Video plybck 10)

Enforcement Personnel / Officers

Situation 1 Imagine for a second that you are a terrorist who wants to blow up or hijack a plane. You know that once you get inside the airport, you will have to pass through metal detectors, bomb-sniffing dogs, and possibly a search of your clothes and luggage.

Step through Metal Detector Metal detectors have been a staple of airport security for decades. A metal detector is a device which responds to metal that may not be readily apparent. These tall, boxy metal detectors are meant to be walked through and, theoretically, they will detect any metal objects that pass through them. Almost all airport metal detectors are based on pulse induction(PI).

METAL DETECTOR

Step through X-Ray Machine While you are stepping through the metal detector, your carry-on items are going through the X-ray system.

Luggage passed through x-ray Machine A conveyor belt carries each item past an X-ray machine. X-rays are like light in that they are electromagnetic waves, but they are more energetic, so they can penetrate many materials. Luggage passed through x-ray Machine

Continue. . . In addition to passenger baggage, most planes carry enormous amounts of cargo. All of this cargo has to be checked before it is loaded.

Step through CT Scanner A CT scanner is a hollow tube that surrounds your bag. The X-ray mechanism revolves slowly around it, bombarding it with X-rays and recording the resulting data. The CT scanner uses all of this data to create a very detailed tomogram (slice) of the bag. The scanner is able to calculate the mass and density of individual objects in your bag based on this tomogram. If an object‘s mass/density falls within the range of a dangerous material, the CT scanner warns the operator of a potential hazardous object

This diagram shows how x-ray system in CT Scanner rotates around a bag.

You Can't Take it With You Boarding You Can't Take it With You There are a number of items that you cannot carry on a plane and some of that can't be packed in your bags, either : Explosives: Fireworks, sparklers, Weapons: Guns, swords, swords, knives with blades of any length Pressurized containers: Hair spray, insect repellant Household items: Flammable liquids, Poisons Corrosives: Car batteries

Why can’t we carry in together?

Role of Air Marshall An air marshal is a federal agent disguised to look like regular passenger. Each air marshal is authorized to carry a gun and make arrests If fences and barriers are the first line of defense, the air marshals are the last. If everything else fails and a terrorist still gets onto a flight with a weapon, an armed air marshal can take control of a situation and restrain the attackers.

Continue. . . There are not enough Air Marshals to cover every flight, so their assignments are kept secret. No one knows which passenger is the air marshal, or even if an air marshal is present on the flight at all.

GROUP DISCUSSION From the aircraft investigation shown later, determine what happen in the video. Explain how can they do the criminal activities and pass all the first line of defense. In your opinion, what should you do to overcome this situation. Extract any relevant point that is related to the Aviation Safety and Security.