Maliseet/Mi’kmaw Treaty Understandings William Wicken Dept of History York University, Toronto.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Chapter 6 | The United States Breaks Away American War of Independence The Loyalists The War of 1812.

Advertisements

The Thirteen Colonies Protest! Socials 9. After Seven Years’ War Britain wins, takes control of New France War was expensive –> high national debt Also.

First Nation Consultation and the Aboriginal Reconciliation Process in New Brunswick Aboriginal Affairs Secretariat March 26, 2014.

FRANCE AND BRITAIN CLASH (THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR)

Mr. Stetler 8 th Grade Social Studies Davidson, James W. “Crisis in the Colonies.” The American Nation. Prentice Hall, Needham, MA

Chapter 13 Section 4 A Flawed Peace

Prelude to War: Acadia Pages

Section 3.  The English and French created rival empires in North America.  The competition between these two European empires often led to war.  The.

Native American History European Treatment Spanish Policy -millions of Native Americans died as a result of warfare, enslavement, and diseases -Spaniards.

The Paris Peace Conference and the Treaty of Versailles

The Duel for North America

Key Historical & Modern Treaties. What are treaties? The Government of Canada and the courts understand treaties between the Crown and Aboriginal people.

Treaties in Canada Background.

The thirteen colonies were established by what European country?

Causes of the American Revolution Text page See map text page 133 Discuss areas of possible conflict.

France Vs Britain.

 230,000 plus served in the continental army  145,000 served in local militias  Few had military experience.

The Impact of Contact Pg What is Contact? Contact is the term historians use to refer to the time when Europeans first came to North America. The.

Chapter 6. France: no colonization before the 1600’s Lots of internal problems (religious civil war) until Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec.

The French and Indian War The Ohio River Valley is the land between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River. The Native Americans that lived.

Seven Years’ War or French & Indian War Mr. Owens Crash Course #5 The Seven Years War & Great Awakening.

THE EARLY YEARS OF THE WAR Chapter 7: Section 1. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: How was it possible that American Patriots gained their independence from the powerful.

Canadian History 11. In 1776, the Patriots had an army of 18,000 of poorly armed and trained men. The British had a force of 30,000. Yet, the Patriots.

American Revolution. Battle of Saratoga Historians consider the Battle of Saratoga to be the major turning point of the American Revolution. This battle.

Napoleon crowns himself emperor, Napoleon I At Napoleons peak, France dominated almost all of Europe Great Britain and Russia were Napoleon’s two main.

Ch. 4, Sec. 4 French and Indian War Main Idea England and France fought for control of North America. The French and Indian War resulted from this struggle.

Mi’kmaq Treaties Information from

The Final Years Learning Objective: Identify what helped the Patriots win independence.

6.4 The Final Years. The French Join the Fight  In July of 1780, French warships brought thousands of soldiers commanded by Comto de Rochambeau  Rochambeau.

Under Napoleon, French armies spread the ideas of the French Revolution across Europe The French overthrew European monarchs and set up their own governments.

The French and Indian War. Before The War (Mid 1700’s) Power struggles between European countries became worldwide struggles for empires. Britain: 13.

British North America & The American Revolution American & British Influences on Canadian History.

The French and Indian War “England and France compete in North America”

The Duel for North America 1608 –1763. Themes 1.As part of their worldwide rivalry, Great Britain and France engaged in a great struggle for colonial.

World War I: The Fighting Ends US History Honors.

The American Revolution Brain Pop: American Revolution.

A Century of Warfare Mr. Sandford AP History. English Foreign Policy After colonial survival had been assured, the crown adjusted the English Foreign.

French and Indian War During and after….. Background…. French building forts throughout Ohio River Valley Alliances with Native Americans =control of.

II. Second Continental Congress and Continued Fighting.

Trouble on the Frontier!! How did the British gain French territory in North America?

Both the French and the British became interested in the Ohio River Valley. The French began to build forts in the Ohio River Valley. The British.

FRANCE AND BRITAIN CLASH (THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR) CHAPTER 5, SECTION 1.

What is a Treaty?. A treaty is a formal agreement between two or more nations which recognizes specific rights and obligations set out within the context.

By: Krish & Saqib. CONFEDERATION Canadian Confederation was the process by which the federal Dominion of Canada was formed on July 1, On that day,

Turning Points of the War

  What is the importance of September 17 in the history of the United States? Do Now.

Chapter 1 Section 4.2 Notes The French and Indian War The French empire in North America collided with the growing British empire French colonists were.

The American Theater of the Seven Years’ War

Acadia LG – To analyse the principal characteristics of the French and English colonial experience in Canada.

Chapter 4 Lesson 4 Rivalry in North America Day 1

Chapter 6 The United States Breaks Away

The Winners and Losers of the French and Indian War

Fall of New France Canadian History.

History of Canada Notes

Grade 7 History Ms. Willis

The American Revolution

THE GREAT WAR FOR EMPIRE

The Treaty of Portsmouth Signed July 13, 1713

Canada’s Three Main Legal Traditions

Chapter 5: War and Peace Key Concept: Conquest and Consequences

Lesson 2 French and Indian War.

Chapter 6 Practice Questions

The French and Indian War ( )

Fighting Ends World War I.

The French and Indian War

FRANCE AND BRITAIN CLASH (THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR)

Bunker Hill Following Concord, the British fortified Boston.

History of Canada Notes

Presentation transcript:

Maliseet/Mi’kmaw Treaty Understandings William Wicken Dept of History York University, Toronto

The Peace and Friendship Treaties British made a series of treaties with Mi’kmaq and Maliseet of this region. Five separate treaties signed. Each ended a period of conflict between the British and the Maliseet and Mi’kmaq.

Why did the British consider this region strategically important?

Great Britain and the Limits of Empire We assume that Great Britain was omnipotent in the 18 century but it will only become so later. The limits of its power is demonstrated by the success of a ragtag army that George Washington heads. Great Britain’s army is more like a ‘thin red line’ that creates various alliances with heterogeneous groups of people to maintain a hold over a far-flung empire, of which Nova Scotia is only a small part.

Quebec 1759 About 15,000 British soldiers and marines at Quebec, June to Sept. Defeat a French/Aboriginal force of more than 4,000 people. Maliseet first overtures for peace are in November 1759 after they learn of French defeat.

What Treaties? 1725/6 also called the Mascarene Treaty and sometimes Dummer’s Treaty. Made with Maliseet and Mi’kmaq. 1749: made only with Maliseet and one community of Mi’kmaq. 1752: made only with Shubenacadie Mi’kmaq (NS) 1760/61: made with Maliseet and Mi’kmaq 1778/9: Maliseet and Mi’kmaq of NB

What is the relationship among these five treaties? Two ways of thinking about this: 1) each treaty should be interpreted on its own terms. 2) each treaty should be interpreted in relation to the treaty that precedes it. Court has tended to accept # 1.

What do the Treaties say? Makes Mi’kmaq/Maliseet ‘subjects of the Crown.’ However, they are not ‘subjects’ in the same way as other people of Nova Scotia. Why not? Sets out a series of legal restraints on Mi’kmaq/Maliseet in their interactions with European peoples.

Do the Mi’kmaq/Maliseet get anything in return? 1725/6 Treaty: the British promise that they will not molest the Mi’kmaq/Maliseet in their Persons, ‘hunting shooting and planting on their planting grounds.’ Where are these grounds? Promises are only made in what are called the ‘reciprocal promises;’ are not explicitly repeated in later treaties.