Section 4-4 & 4-6 “Cellular Respiration / Fermentation” Write everything that is BLACK

4.4 KEY CONCEPT The overall process of cellular respiration converts sugar into ATP using oxygen

Cellular respiration makes ATP by breaking down sugars. Cellular respiration is aerobic (requires oxygen) It happens in the mitochondria mitochondrion animal cell

Glycolysis must take place first. anaerobic process (does not require oxygen) takes place in cytoplasm splits glucose into two three-carbon molecules produces two ATP molecules

Cellular respiration is like a mirror image of photosynthesis. The Krebs cycle transfers energy to an electron transport chain. takes place in mitochondrial matrix breaks down three-carbon molecules from glycolysis Krebs Cycle 6H O 2 6CO 6O mitochondrion matrix (area enclosed by inner membrane) inner membrane ATP energy energy from glycolysis 1 4 3 and makes a small amount of ATP releases carbon dioxide transfers energy-carrying molecules

energy from glycolysis The electron transport chain produces a large amount of ATP. takes place in inner membrane energy transferred to electron transport chain oxygen enters process ATP produced 6H O 2 6CO 6O mitochondrion matrix (area enclosed by inner membrane) inner membrane ATP energy energy from glycolysis 1 4 3 and Electron Transport water released as a waste product

The equation for cellular respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O The reactants in photosynthesis are the same as the products of cellular respiration.

4.6 KEY CONCEPT Fermentation allows the production of a small amount of ATP without oxygen.

Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is unavailable. Fermentation is an anaerobic process occurs when oxygen is not available for cellular respiration does not produce ATP

Lactic acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells glycolysis splits glucose into two pyruvate molecules pyruvate and NADH enter fermentation energy from NADH converts pyruvate into lactic acid NADH is changed back into NAD+

Alcoholic fermentation is similar to lactic acid fermentation Fermentation is used in food production. yogurt cheese bread

Pages 5, 6, & 7 Page 5 Title this page Cellular Respiration -What is the function of cellular respiration? -What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic? -Which of the above does cellular respiration require? -What does the kreb cycle do? -What does the electron transport chain do? 2. Page 6 Title this page COMPARING PROCESSES -On page 115 draw figure 4.12 and under each drawing write the equation that fits the drawing

Page 7 Title this page Fermentation -Write the key concept for fermentation Which type of process is fermentation? What does that term mean? -Describe the difference between Lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation. -Give 3 examples of alcoholic fermentation