Reconstruction

What was the period when the federal government tried to rebuild the South and restore the Union after the Civil War? ReconstructionReconstruction

Did Reconstruction lead to the political, economic, and social control of the South by whites? YES!YES!

Were the economic and political gains made by former slaves during Reconstruction permanent or temporary? TemporaryTemporary

What was Lincoln’s view of Reconstruction?

Secession was illegal and the Southern states had never really left the UnionSecession was illegal and the Southern states had never really left the Union Federal government should quickly restore Southern states that were loyal to the UnionFederal government should quickly restore Southern states that were loyal to the Union Federal government should not punish the SouthFederal government should not punish the South

Did Lincoln want to punish the South after the war was over? No.No.

Who did Lincoln believe should be in charge of Reconstruction, the President or Congress? The PresidentThe President

Who said, “With malice towards none, with charity for all…let us bind up the nation’s wounds…”? Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln

Who succeeded Lincoln as president? Andrew JohnsonAndrew Johnson

Who did Johnson believe should be in charge of Reconstruction, the President or Congress? The PresidentThe President

What group of Republicans gained control of Reconstruction after Lincoln’s death? Radical RepublicansRadical Republicans

Who were the Radical Republicans? Republicans who wanted to punish the former Confederate states for causing the Civil WarRepublicans who wanted to punish the former Confederate states for causing the Civil War

Who did the Radical Republicans believe should be in charge of Reconstruction, the President or Congress? CongressCongress

What two demands did the Radical Republicans make during Reconstruction?

Refused to allow the Confederate states to reenter the Union until they had undergone military occupationRefused to allow the Confederate states to reenter the Union until they had undergone military occupation Wanted to guarantee voting rights and civil rights to African-AmericansWanted to guarantee voting rights and civil rights to African-Americans

What two ideas did the term military occupation mean during Reconstruction?

Southern states were under the rule of a general in the U.S. ArmySouthern states were under the rule of a general in the U.S. Army Troops were stationed in the South to keep orderTroops were stationed in the South to keep order

Who were the freedmen? Freed slavesFreed slaves

On what issue did President Andrew Johnson and the Radical Republicans clash? Civil rights for the freedmenCivil rights for the freedmen

What action did the Radical Republicans take against President Johnson? Impeached JohnsonImpeached Johnson

Define impeachment. Bringing an official to trial for misconduct in officeBringing an official to trial for misconduct in office

Under the Constitution, does impeachment necessarily mean an official is removed from office? No.No.

Which house of Congress can impeach the president? House of RepresentativesHouse of Representatives

Which house of Congress can remove a president from office? The SenateThe Senate

Did the Radical Republicans remove Andrew Johnson from the presidency? No.No.

What are the three “Civil War” Amendments? 13 th13 th 14 th14 th 15 th15 th

Identify the 13 th Amendment. Abolished (ended) slaveryAbolished (ended) slavery

Identify the 14 th Amendment. Gave citizenship to African-AmericansGave citizenship to African-Americans Guaranteed “equal protection of the laws”Guaranteed “equal protection of the laws”

Identify the 15th Amendment. Gave African-American males the right to voteGave African-American males the right to vote

What are the key words to remember the three Reconstruction Amendments? 13th = Freedom13th = Freedom 14th = Citizenship14th = Citizenship 15th = Vote15th = Vote

During the Civil War, what were destroyed throughout the South? FarmsFarms RailroadsRailroads FactoriesFactories

What two major Southern cities lay in ruins at the end of the Civil War? RichmondRichmond AtlantaAtlanta

How did the Civil War affect the South? South was the poorest section of the nation.South was the poorest section of the nation.

How did the Civil War affect the North and Midwest? North and Midwest had strong industrial economies.North and Midwest had strong industrial economies.

What transportation improvement occurred in 1869? First Transcontinental RailroadFirst Transcontinental Railroad

What did Ulysses S. Grant do after the Civil War?

Served as president during most of ReconstructionServed as president during most of Reconstruction Did not want Radical Republicans to be harsh with former ConfederatesDid not want Radical Republicans to be harsh with former Confederates Supported rights for the freedmenSupported rights for the freedmen Against retribution (payback) toward the defeated SouthAgainst retribution (payback) toward the defeated South

What did Robert E. Lee do after the Civil War?

Urged Southerners to reconcile (accept defeat) and rejoin the United StatesUrged Southerners to reconcile (accept defeat) and rejoin the United States Served as president of Washington College (now Washington & Lee)Served as president of Washington College (now Washington & Lee) Said education was important to the nation’s futureSaid education was important to the nation’s future

What did Frederick Douglass do after the Civil War?

Leading spokesman for African- Americans in the nationLeading spokesman for African- Americans in the nation Supported full equality for African- AmericansSupported full equality for African- Americans Called for the 14 th and 15 th AmendmentsCalled for the 14 th and 15 th Amendments Wanted the federal government to protect the rights of the freedmen in the SouthWanted the federal government to protect the rights of the freedmen in the South Served as American ambassador to Haiti and held civil service (federal government) jobsServed as American ambassador to Haiti and held civil service (federal government) jobs

What does one call the group of people who cast the official votes for president and vice president? The Electoral CollegeThe Electoral College

How many electoral votes does each state have? 2 for senators + # of representatives in House2 for senators + # of representatives in House

Identify the Compromise of 1877.

A political deal between Southern Democrats and northern RepublicansA political deal between Southern Democrats and northern Republicans Democrats supported Rutherford Hayes’ election as President and Republicans ended the military occupation of the SouthDemocrats supported Rutherford Hayes’ election as President and Republicans ended the military occupation of the South

What were two results of the Compromise of 1877?

Former Confederates, who controlled the Democratic party, regained power in the SouthFormer Confederates, who controlled the Democratic party, regained power in the South the “Jim Crow Era” soon beganthe “Jim Crow Era” soon began

What was the “Jim Crow Era”?

The period (late 1800s to mid-1960s) when the Southern states required racial segregation in public schools, transportation and other public facilities.The period (late 1800s to mid-1960s) when the Southern states required racial segregation in public schools, transportation and other public facilities.

For what is “Jim Crow” a synonym?

Racial SegregationRacial Segregation

What political rights did African-Americans lose during the “Jim Crow Era”? The right to voteThe right to vote The right to serve on juriesThe right to serve on juries

Define racial segregation.

Separation of the racesSeparation of the races In the South, separation of blacks and whitesIn the South, separation of blacks and whites