Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Art and Photos in PowerPoint ® Concepts of Genetics Ninth Edition Klug, Cummings, Spencer, Palladino Chapter 18 Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
18.1Eukaryotic Gene Can Occur at Any of the Steps Leading from DNA to Protein Product Different from prokaryotes: Lot’s of DNA mRNA processing Many chromosomes Chromatin structure mRNAs with a variety of half-lives Translational and posttranslational regulation
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.1
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 18.2Eukaryotic Gene Expression Is Influenced by Chromosome Organization and Chromatin Modifications Chromosome Territories and Transcription Factories
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.2a
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.2b
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 18.2Eukaryotic Gene Expression Is Influenced by Chromosome Organization and Chromatin Modifications Chromatin Remodeling
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.3
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Reduction of positive charge on histone protein weakens interactions between histone and DNA
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.4
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 18.2Eukaryotic Gene Expression Is Influenced by Chromosome Organization and Chromatin Modifications DNA Methylation
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.5
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Das and Singal (2004) J. Clin. Oncol.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 18.3Eukaryotic Gene Transcription Is Regulated at Specific Cis-Acting Sites Promoters
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.6
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.7
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.8
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 18.3Eukaryotic Gene Transcription Is Regulated at Specific Cis-Acting Sites Enhancers and Silencers
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.9
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 18.4Eukaryotic Transcription Is Regulated by Transcription Factors that Bind to Cis-Acting Sites The Human Metallothionein IIA Gene: Multiple Cis-Acting Elements and Transcription Factors
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.10
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 18.4Eukaryotic Transcription Is Regulated by Transcription Factors that Bind to Cis- Acting Sites Functional Domains of Eukaryotic Transcription Factors DNA binding doman trans-activation or repression domain
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.11
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Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.12a
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.12b
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.13
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 18.5Activators and Repressors Regulate Transcription by Binding to Cis-acting Sites and Interacting with Other Transcription Factors Formation of the Transcription Initiation Complex
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.14
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 18.5Activators and Repressors Regulate Transcription by Binding to Cis-acting Sites and Interacting with Other Transcription Factors Interactions of the General Transcription Factors with Transcriptional Activators
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.15
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
18.7Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation Occurs at All the Steps from RNA Processing to Protein Modification Alternative Splicing of mRNA
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.18
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure x 48 x 33 x 2 = 38,016
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 18.7Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation Occurs at All the Steps from RNA Processing to Protein Modification Sex Determination in Drosophila: A Model for Regulation of Alternative Splicing
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.20
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 18.7Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation Occurs at All the Steps from RNA Processing to Protein Modification Control of mRNA Stability
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.21
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 18.7Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation Occurs at All the Steps from RNA Processing to Protein Modification Translational and Post-translational Controls
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.22
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 18.8RNA Silencing Controls Gene Expression in Several Ways The Molecular Mechanisms of RNA Silencing
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.23
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 18.24
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 18.8RNA Silencing Controls Gene Expression in Several Ways RNA Silencing in Biotechnology and Therapy