Urbanisation and its impact on Quality of Place in Europe Judith Borsboom, Stefan Berghuis, Jos Diederiks, Rob Folkert, Henk Ottens

Judith Borsboom, EURBANIS2 The EURBANIS Project Gain more insight into European spatial processes and their impact on environment, ecology and Quality of Life/Place

UrbanityUrbanisation Built-up areaPop. densityBuilt-up areaPop. density + + / / / / /

Judith Borsboom, EURBANIS6 Case Study Cities Cluster 1 Stagnating: Reims Cluster 2 Compact: Aarhus Cluster 3 Leisure: Südburgenland Cluster 4 Shrinking: Vilnius Cluster 5 Sprawling: Erfurt Cluster 6 Average: Rotterdam, Bologna Cluster 7 Booming: Madrid Link to Quality of Life/Quality of Place on base of Urban Audit data on a local level: economic, social, environmental, housing, land use variables archetypical characteristics of urbanisation cluster presence in Urban Audit database representation of European regions

Economic Social Environment Income Employment Demographics Education Health and -care Crime Culture Air pollution Noise Green spaces Land-use Transport Housing Environmental perspective Characteristics of environment Sustainability Elsewhere and later perspective Human perspective Satisfaction with environment Here and now

Judith Borsboom, EURBANIS8 Case study Erfurt Urban land use: –high increase built-up area on farmland due to economic growth and transition and residential preferences Urban densities: –large decrease because of single-familiy housing and depopulation/migration Urban green: –older inner city districts low rates of green areas, new residential development in lower densities with more urban green Air quality: –new road infrastructure, decrease of noise and air pollution in inner city, Social Cohesion: –more polarisation due to suburbanisation, accumulation of problems in some districts, decrease of service level due to depopulation

Judith Borsboom, EURBANIS9 Lessons Learned Comparable problems observed (such as transport, air pollution, segregation, lack of urban green) Nevertheless the drivers behind and the manifestation of urbanisation may diverge between different European regions: this heterogeneity only revealed with a more qualitative, in depth approach with case studies Approach of Shafer and Pacione most practical to work out Liveability, Quality of Life, Quality of Place Perception of Quality of Life/Place is important next to empirical observations

Judith Borsboom, EURBANIS10 Preliminary conclusions Lack of harmonised data and time series major obstacle for analysis of changes and bench-marking purposes: should be completed and validated A clear practical framework to assess urbanisation is still needed for balanced and sustainable urban development Liveable cities project might provide clues for such a framework