Protists

PROTISTS We have already learned about Bacteria and Viruses Now it’s time to study Protists MICROBES: Viruses Bacteria Protists ?

PROTISTS Protists can be very different from each other. All protists are EUKARYOTES = DNA is found in a nucleus Some are like animals, some are like plants, some are like fungi, but they are a little different. So they are Protists. All live in moist environments Some are UNICELLULAR, while others are MULTICELLULAR

PROTISTS Some are HETEROTROPHS Some are AUTOTROPHS Some are BOTH What are heterotrophs? Autotrophs? Imagine being both….

PROTISTS 3 CATEGORIES OF PROTISTS: Animal-like Protists Plant-like Protists Fungus-like Protists

Animal-like PROTISTS ALSO CALLED PROTOZOANS All animal-like protists are HETEROTROPHS Most are able to move from place to place to get their food. 4 GROUPS OF PROTOZOANS: Protozoans with PSEUDOPODS Protozoans with CILIA Protozoans with FLAGELLA Protozoans that are PARASITES

Protozoans With Pseudopods Sarcodines have PSEUDOPODS = means “false foot”. Part of the cytoplasm bulges towards one location, and the rest of the organism follows. Sarcodines include: Amoebas Amoebas also have CONTRACTILE VACUOLES = a structure that collects extra water then squirts it out from the cell.

An Amoeba

Protozoans With Cilia Ciliates have CILIA = hair-like projections from cells that move with a wavelike motion. Ciliates include: Paramecium Paramecium have 2 Nuclei, 2 contractile vacuoles, and can reproduce asexually and sexually.

Paramecium

Protozoans with Flagella Flagellates have flagella Some of these live inside other organisms. SYMBIOSIS = a close relationship in which at least one of the species is helped. MUTUALISM = a close relationship in which both species are helped.

Protozoans that are Parasites Some protozoans feed on the cells of their host and cause harm.

Plant-like PROTISTS Commonly called ALGAE (that green stuff on a pond) All are AUTOTROPHS THE DIFFERENT GROUPS OF ALGAE: Diatoms Dinoflagellates Euglenoids Red Algae Green Algae Brown Algae

Euglenoid

Fungus-like Protists All are HETEROTROPHS All have Cell Walls All use SPORES to reproduce All can move at some point in their lives THE 3 KINDS OF FUNGUS-LIKE PROTISTS: Slime molds Water molds Downy molds

Slime Mold

Living or Non-Living Living Structure Depends on type They can look like animal or plant cells Different Types of Protists Protozoans (Animal-like Protists) Algae (Plant-like Protists) Fungus-like Protists How they Reproduce Sexually & Asexually Size of Protists Vary from unicellular to multi-cellular Some are microscopic while others you can see with your eyes alone.

Good things Protists do Symbiosis and mutualism with other organisms. Algae are main source of oxygen in atmosphere. Provide food for other organisms Household products (diatoms)

Bad things Protists do Cause disease Attack crops