Chapter #9 Creating a Nation NOTES A New Constitution

Page 1 Who ’ s There? NameStateIn/ Out Misc. Info JeffersonVirginiaOUTDelegate in Europe AdamsMass.OUTDelegate in Europe FranklinPenn.INOldest member (81) WashingtonVirginiaINPresident of C.C. DickinsonDelawareINCautious Const. supporter MadisonVirginiaINStrong National Govt. PainePenn.OUTSupporting Rev. in Europe Chapter #9 Creating a Nation NOTES A New Constitution

-The Constitutional Convention (C.C.) was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania -It ran from May to September Members intended to revise the Articles -55 delegates met from 12 of the 13 states, Rhode Island did not send a delegate -These “ Founding Fathers ” did not accurately reflect American society Page 2 The Convention Major Questions 1. Were state governments going to remain superior? 2. Was each state getting only one vote in the national legislature? 3. Would there be a strong executive? Chapter #9 Creating a Nation NOTES A New Constitution

4. Did slaves count toward a state ’ s population for tallying representation? Page 3 (continued) Plans The Virginia Plan Drafted by: James Madison Called for: -Three branches of govt. -A bicameral (two houses) legislature (both based on population) -Increased National Government ’ s Power New Jersey Plan Drafted by: William Paterson Called for: Chapter #9 Creating a Nation NOTES A New Constitution

-Three branches of govt. -A unicameral (one house) legislature (one representative per state) -Minimal increase in National Government ’ s power (tax) Page 4 (continued) A Couple of Compromises -Delegates agreed to portions of both plans Connecticut or Great Compromise Drafted by: Roger Sherman Called for: -Three branches of govt. -A bicameral legislature (one house based on population, and one house based on equal representation) Chapter #9 Creating a Nation NOTES A New Constitution

-Greatly expanded National power -Southern States wanted their representation in Congress to be increased by counting their slave population -The North disagreed Three-Fifth Compromise Called for: -Only three-fifths of the enslaved population would count toward representation Page 5 (continued) Chapter #9 Creating a Nation NOTES A New Constitution

-Asking all 13 states to ratify the Constitution was going to be an impossible task -9 of 13 were required (Article VII) -The country split into two groups … for (Federalists) & against (Anti-Federalists) -Anti-Federalists argued that the Constitution did not protect basic liberties -Federalists promised to add a Bill of Rights later, even though individual states already had them -Rhode Island and North Carolina were the last to ratify in 1790 Page 6 Ratifying the New Constitution The Election of The U.S. elected a President and a Congress Chapter #9 Creating a Nation NOTES A New Constitution

-States had varying property requirements granting suffrage, thus few citizens voted -Less than 39,000 of the roughly 3,000,000 (600,000 slaves) U.S. citizens cast a ballot -Voting was done in January State legislatures selected electors, that in turn casted electoral votes for president -New York failed to elect electors -Electors cast two votes in two voting rounds -George Washington won unanimously -In the 2nd round, John Adams won the Vice Presidency -Territories were not allowed to cast ballots Page 7 (continued) Chapter #9 Creating a Nation NOTES A New Constitution

Page 8 Electoral Results Chapter #9 Creating a Nation NOTES A New Constitution

Page 9 (continued) NameState Electoral Votes Round George Washington Virginia691 st John AdamsMassachusetts342 nd John JayNew York92 nd Robert HarrisonMaryland62 nd John RutledgeSouth Carolina62 nd John HancockMassachusetts42 nd George ClintonNew York32 nd Chapter #9 Creating a Nation NOTES A New Constitution