1 DNA Technology

2 DNA Extraction Chemical treatmentsChemical treatments cause cells and nuclei to burst stickyThe DNA is inherently sticky, and can be pulled out of the mixture spoolingThis is called spooling DNA

3 Spooled DNA

4 Cutting DNA Restriction enzymesRestriction enzymes cut DNA at specific sequences manageable fragmentsUseful to divide DNA into manageable fragments

5 DNA Sequencing DNA is cut Put into test tube DNA polymerase and dyed bases added Each base is a different color

6 Uses in Forensics Think CSI!

7 Uses in Agriculture GM food

8 Uses in Medicine Insulin production Insulin production Gene Therapy Gene Therapy

9 Cloning CloneClone- a member of a group of genetically identical cells

10 Nucleus from a somatic cell is placed inside a denucleated egg.

11 Animal Clones

12 Transgenic Organisms

13 Transgenic Clones Are Here

14 Cow - Human Clones Human cloning from human cell and cows egg The world's first human clone of an adult has now been made, by an American biotechnology company in Massachusetts, Advanced Cell Technology. They took a cell from Dr Jose Cibelli, a research scientist and combined it with a cows egg from which the genes had already been removed. (News November 1998) The world's first human clone of an adult has now been made, by an American biotechnology company in Massachusetts, Advanced Cell Technology. They took a cell from Dr Jose Cibelli, a research scientist and combined it with a cows egg from which the genes had already been removed. (News November 1998) The genes activated and the egg began to divide in the normal way up to the 32 cell stage at which it was destroyed. If the clone had been allowed to continue beyond implantation it would have developed as Dr Cibelli's identical twin. Technically 1% of the human clone genes would have belonged to the cow - the mitochondria genes. The genes activated and the egg began to divide in the normal way up to the 32 cell stage at which it was destroyed. If the clone had been allowed to continue beyond implantation it would have developed as Dr Cibelli's identical twin. Technically 1% of the human clone genes would have belonged to the cow - the mitochondria genes.

15 Advanced Cell Technologies, Inc is working on human cloning in the United States