JAMM 1001 New Technology, Part 2 Personal computing to the World Wide Web

JAMM 1002 Schedule Update Today: Internet and World Wide Web Today: Internet and World Wide Web –Please sign attendance sheet –Pick up Exam 3 scores (after class) Next week: Thanksgiving Break Next week: Thanksgiving Break –NO CLASS Week of Nov. 29: Media law and ethics Week of Nov. 29: Media law and ethics

JAMM 1003 Exam 4 Thursday, Dec. 16, 10 a.m. Thursday, Dec. 16, 10 a.m. No early exams allowed No early exams allowed “I have received, read, and understand all the information contained in the course syllabus for JAMM 100, Media & Society. I am aware that the final exam is on Thursday, Dec. 16, 2010, at 10 a.m.” “I have received, read, and understand all the information contained in the course syllabus for JAMM 100, Media & Society. I am aware that the final exam is on Thursday, Dec. 16, 2010, at 10 a.m.”

JAMM 1004 Clicker Quiz #1 The first large U.S. computer, the ENIAC, was used for: a) Financial planning b) Word processing c) Playing games d) Electronic mail e) Artillery calculations for the Army

JAMM 1005 Clicker Quiz #11 The first large U.S. computer, the ENIAC, was used for: e) Artillery calculations for the Army

JAMM 1006 Miniaturization Vacuum tube (1904) Vacuum tube (1904) Transistor (1947) Transistor (1947) Printed circuit (1960s) Printed circuit (1960s) Microchip (1970s) Microchip (1970s)

JAMM 1007 Moore’s Law: 1965 Gordon Moore, former CEO of Intel, predicted: Computing speed, memory would double every 2 years Computing speed, memory would double every 2 years Computers would get smaller Computers would get smaller

JAMM 1008 Moore’s Law

1 st Personal Computer 1975: Altair : Altair 8800 Sold as a mail-order kit Sold as a mail-order kit Used an Intel memory chip Used an Intel memory chip No keyboard or monitor No keyboard or monitor Imitators followed, including 1 st Apple Imitators followed, including 1 st Apple JAMM 1009

Personal Computing April 1, 1976: 1 st Apple computer April 1, 1976: 1 st Apple computer Steve Wozniak (l) & Steve Jobs Steve Wozniak (l) & Steve Jobs 1 st graphical interface using ‘mouse’ 1 st graphical interface using ‘mouse’ JAMM 10010

Personal Computing IBM personal computer IBM personal computer Sold Sold Originally designed for businesses to replace main-frame computers Originally designed for businesses to replace main-frame computers JAMM 10011

1984: Apple introduces the Mac

1984: Apple introduces the Mac Shown during Super Bowl, Jan. 22, 1984 Shown during Super Bowl, Jan. 22, 1984 Critics called it ‘masterpiece’ of advertising Critics called it ‘masterpiece’ of advertising Does Big Brother represent IBM? Does Big Brother represent IBM?

1984: Apple introduces the Mac Director: Ridley Scott Director: Ridley Scott Blade Runner (1982) Blade Runner (1982)

JAMM Computing as Communication Convergence of 3 technologies: Calculator Calculator Typewriter Typewriter Telegraph Telegraph

JAMM Telegraphy Point-to-point communication Point-to-point communication Morse Code Morse Code –Dots, dashes were analog version of 0s, 1s Telegraph lines = network Telegraph lines = network

JAMM The Internet Convergence of trends: Information sharing by mainframes (1960s) Information sharing by mainframes (1960s) Personal computing (1980s) Personal computing (1980s) Enhanced graphic capability (1990s) Enhanced graphic capability (1990s)

JAMM Internet: 1960s Height of Cold War Height of Cold War –Fear of Soviet nuclear attack Pentagon wanted to be sure military could communicate Pentagon wanted to be sure military could communicate Rand Corp. (think tank) designed original network … but never built Rand Corp. (think tank) designed original network … but never built –i.e., the Net

JAMM Internet: 1960s 1969: DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Project Agency) connected 4 U.S. universities 1969: DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Project Agency) connected 4 U.S. universities –UCLA –UC-Santa Barbara –Stanford –University of Utah

JAMM Internet History: Video

JAMM Internet History: 1970s-1980s 1973: Net goes international (Britain, Norway) 1973: Net goes international (Britain, Norway) 1982: “Internet” first used to describe international network 1982: “Internet” first used to describe international network

JAMM World Wide Web 1991: Tim Berners-Lee suggests idea at Swiss research institute 1991: Tim Berners-Lee suggests idea at Swiss research institute 1993: Mosaic browser created at University of Illinois 1993: Mosaic browser created at University of Illinois 1995: Mosaic becomes Netscape [now defunct] 1995: Mosaic becomes Netscape [now defunct]

World Wide Web Characteristics: Graphics/icons Graphics/icons Hypertext links: ability to go from site to site by clicking Hypertext links: ability to go from site to site by clicking Multi-media (images, audio, video) Multi-media (images, audio, video) JAMM 10023

JAMM World Wide Web URL: Universal Resource Locator hypertext transfer protocol: http hypertext transfer protocol: http host computer: uidaho host computer: uidaho top-level domain (TLD): edu top-level domain (TLD): edu

JAMM World Wide Web Original top-level domains Original top-level domains –.com,.edu,.org,.net,.gov, Recent additions Recent additions –.aero,.biz,.coop,.info.,.name,.tv Now: Chinese, Arabic, other non-Latin alphabet characters Now: Chinese, Arabic, other non-Latin alphabet characters

JAMM Understanding the Web Decentralized design Decentralized design No central editor No central editor Interactivity: Users = producers Interactivity: Users = producers

JAMM Internet Regulation Outside FCC’s jurisdiction Outside FCC’s jurisdiction 1996: Congress passed Communications Decency Act 1996: Congress passed Communications Decency Act 1997: Supreme Court overturned CDA (restriction on free speech) 1997: Supreme Court overturned CDA (restriction on free speech)

JAMM Internet Regulation Today: No one controls content Today: No one controls content –Technology outpaces regulation Analogy: The Wild West Analogy: The Wild West

JAMM Clicker Quiz #2 What was the original rationale for the Internet? a) Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton recognized the commercial potential of shopping by computer. b) Ted Turner saw it as a logical extension of his 24-hour news channel, CNN. c) The Pentagon was looking for a way to maintain communications after a nuclear attack. d) Microsoft founder Bill Gates sought a new application for personal computers. e) Congress authorized it in the Freedom of Information Act of 1966.