What Makes Effective Schools? November, 2010

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The Assumptions 3 2.Focusing on and improving areas of weakness for students and teachers is the key to making them more successful. 1. Selecting and developing teachers and principals on the basis of their knowledge and skills is the most reliable way to promote student success. 3. Differences in workplace culture are largely irrelevant to schools, because a teacher’s working environment doesn’t make much difference in the classroom.

Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved. Earning an “A” Grade 4 12% 6% 5% In your opinion, what are the main things a school has to do before it can earn an “A”? (Open-ended question) June 4-28, 2010 Phi Delta Kappa/Gallup poll

Student Success, Teacher and Principal Effectiveness 5 Student Achievement Student Hope, Engagement, Well-Being Teacher Effectiveness Principal Effectiveness Teacher Engagement Professional Development Talent Curriculum & Instruction Fit Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.

6 Human Capital: People and Performance

7 Attracting and Selecting for Excellence Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.

8 Hiring Considerations  Hiring for: –Subject-Matter Knowledge –Teaching Experience –Skills –Masters Degree –Fit with –District –Principal/Team Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.

9 What Makes a Difference in Student Achievement? –Subject-Matter Knowledge –Teaching Experience –Skills –Masters Degree –Fit with Principal/Team –Talent Buddin, (2010) Teacher experience Degrees beyond bachelor’s degree Different grade levels Class size Student backgrounds (income, educ.) Rivkin, et al. (2005) Jacob & Lefgren (2008) Harris & Sass (2006) Aaronson et al. (2008) Koedel & Betts (2007) Clotfelter et al. (2007) Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.

Elements of Great Teaching 10 How Who What Parker Palmer, The Courage to Teach Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.

11 Strengths Development

Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 The Assumption Focusing on and improving areas of weaknesses for students and teachers is the key to making them more successful.

Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved. How does development improve performance? 13 Identify and work on weaknesses? Identify and work on strengths? Gallup Poll, n= 1,016

14 Manager’s Focus 1: 100 Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.

15 Investing in Students When a teacher discusses your performance with you, do you spend more time talking about building your strengths or improving your weaknesses? Gallup Student Poll, March 2009 Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.

16 Strengths in K-12 Schools Strengths No Strengths Midwestern Alternative Education High School Overall satisfaction with setting Tyler, J. (2006). The impact of strengths-based development on student engagement. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Texas Christian University, Ft. Worth, TX. Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.

17 Schools and Strengths “My school is committed to building the strengths of each student.” 82% of the students who strongly agree are engaged. Gallup Student Poll, March 2010 n-122,579 Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.

18 Strengths and the First Parent Conference What are his/her interests outside of school? What are his/her interests in school? What is the best way to motivate him/her? What is the best way for me to recognize him/her? How does he/she deal with disappointment? What do you do to help him/her deal with disappointment? Once you know more about the student, you can share the grade book and discuss the partnership you need from the parent(s). Start with the student as a person

Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved. What is Engagement? 19

Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved. 20 The 12 Elements of Engaged Workplaces I know what is expected of me at work. I have the materials and equipment I need to do my work right. At work, I have the opportunity to do what I do best every day. In the last seven days, I have received recognition or praise for doing good work. My supervisor, or someone at work, seems to care about me as a person. There is someone at work who encourages my development. At work, my opinions seem to count. The mission/purpose of my company makes me feel my job is important. My associates (fellow employees) are committed to doing quality work. I have a best friend at work. In the last six months, someone at work has talked to me about my progress. This last year, I have had opportunities at work to learn and grow.

21 American Workforce Engagement Levels Engaged 29% Not Engaged 51% Actively Disengaged 20% *Source: 2009 Gallup Poll data of U.S. working population 18 years and older Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.

22 Copyright © 2006 The Gallup Organization, Princeton, NJ. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved. Q 12 ® Meta-Analysis: Outcomes 23 Difference between top and bottom quartiles Turnover Absen- teeism Shrin- kage Safety Incidents Customer Productivity Profitability High Turnover Orgs. Low Turnover Orgs. Patient Safety Incidents Quality (Defects)

Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved. 24 Student Engagement Could we identify student engagement items with relationships to student achievement on state proficiency tests?  Complete data on 160 schools, 8,341 teachers, 78,106 students (grades 5-12)

Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved. Model of Engagement and Student Achievement Student Achievement Reading Math Student Engagement Teacher Engagement Number of Students Level Free and Reduced Lunch r 2 =.58 r 2 =.64

26 Gallup Student Poll Hope  intelligence, aptitude, income  credits earned, GPA in high school  in college, better predictor of college success than high school GPA, SAT, ACT Engagement  reading achievement  math achievement  science achievement Well-Being  more credits earned in high school  higher GPA Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.

Gallup Student Poll Administered in October each year Surveys grades 5-12 Web survey requiring less than 10 minutes to complete Score cards for the district and each school No cost to the school or district for conducting the survey and receiving results Register at gallupstudentpoll.com 27

Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved. Gallup Student Poll National Scorecard – Summary 28

What Makes Effective Schools? 29 Copyright © 2010 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.

30 Isn’t It Strange That Princes And Kings And Clowns That Caper In Sawdust Rings And Common People Like You And Me Are Builders For Eternity? To Each Is Given a Bag of Tools A Shapeless Mass, a Book of Rules And Each Must Build Ere Life Has Flown, A Stumbling Block or a Stepping Stone R. Sharpe Our Opportunity