Chapter 10 Becoming World A Power

Section 1- Pressure to Expand Imperialism Late 1800’s marked the height of European imperialism Nationalism

US wanted to join in competition for new territory that British were going after “The sun never sets on the British Empire” Annex- join a new territory to an existing country Imperialism would offer Americans a new frontier

New Lands Sec. of State William Seward bought Alaska from Russia in 1867 Seward’s Folly People said he was buying land that was “barren, worthless, God-forsaken region” 3 resources?

US wanted control of the Pacific 1867 Seward annexed uninhabited Midway Islands so US could use as a refueling and repair station for naval vessels In 1898, the US annexed Hawaii because the US needed more naval stations in the Pacific

Open Door Policy for China

Arguments for Expansion America was over producing Markets abroad Alfred T. Mahan wrote The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, Said US needed a powerful navy to protect new markets that would be gained

Banana Republics Latin American countries American Businessmen Day-O (Banana Boat Song)

Fredrick Jackson Turner, Henry Cabot Lodge, and Teddy Roosevelt Agreed that the quest for an empire might restore the country’s pioneer spirit Believed in social Darwinism to justify the takeover of new territories Believed it was the nation’s destiny and a noble pursuit

Section 2- The Spanish American War Spain in Cuba Cuban Rebellion Guarded camps Jose Marti American sugar plantations destroyed

Yellow Journalists during the War Joseph Pulitzer vs. William Randolph Hearst Boosted Jingoism in the US Americans had sympathy for Cubans

The war against Spain USS Maine explosion US blamed Spain, later found out it was an accidental fire McKinley give Spain demands All were accepted except Cuban Independence 1898 Congress approves war with Spain

Thomas Dewey attacks in Phillipines Teddy Roosevelt and the Roughriders Treaty of Paris

Section 3- A New Foreign Policy The Panama Canal Columbia/France/US Panamanian Revolt Canal shortened the distance between Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

Big Stick Diplomacy “Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far.” The Navy was TR’s big stick The Great White Fleet Roosevelt Corollary “international police power” Nobel Peace Prize

Section 4- Debating America’s New Role Anti-Imperialists Said “liberty for all” was being rejected Racism Could hurt the economy

Appeal of Imperialism Competition A new frontier American tradition Frontier mentality led to Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts

Imperialism Views from Abroad Central America- had to defend governments that were unpopular Latin America- “Yankee, Go Home!” Smaller countries-asked US for help