ANIMAL CELLS & PLANT CELLS

What are three differences between plant & animal cells? BELL WORK What are three differences between plant & animal cells?

Plant cells have a cell wall. Animal Cells do not. Plants vs. Animals There are three main differences between plant and animal cells: Plant cells have a cell wall. Animal Cells do not.

2. Plant cells have chloroplasts and Animal Cells do not. Plants vs. Animals 2. Plant cells have chloroplasts and Animal Cells do not.

3. Plant cells have larger vacuoles (storage spaces) Plants vs. Animals 3. Plant cells have larger vacuoles (storage spaces)

Organelles What Is An Organelle? Organelles = little organs that perform specific jobs in the cell Organelles are found in eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells. Plant and Animal cells are both examples of eukaryotic cells with organelles Plant and Animal cells contain many of the same organelles, but there are several differences (mentioned in today’s bell- work)

Nucleus Job: Controls the Cell Contains DNA with coded instructions for cell functions. In a Factory- Boss

Nuclei contain: Nucleolus- a small, dense region where the assembly of ribosomes begins. Nuclear envelope- The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear envelope composed of two membranes. These membranes have nuclear pores which allow materials to move into and out of the nucleus.

Mitochondria Looks like: a bean Job: powerhouse of the cell-it produces the energy in the form of ATP In a factory: generator (energy source)

Mitochondria

Ribosomes Looks like: Small particles of RNA in the cytoplasm and on the ER Job: make proteins (protein synthesis) In a factory: workers

Endoplasmic Reticulum Looks like: internal membrane system next to the nucleus (rough ER has ribosomes, smooth ER does not) Job: transports materials Synthesize proteins/ enzymes In a factory: conveyor belt

Smooth ER & Rough ER Smooth ER- Smooth ER (SER) acts as a storage organelle. It is important in the creation and storage of lipids and steroids. Rough ER- Rough ER (RER) is very important in the synthesis and packaging of proteins. Ribosomes are attached to the membrane of the ER, making it “rough.”

Golgi Apparatus Looks like: stack of membranes Job: Packs, sorts, and ships proteins & other materials In a factory: packaging center

Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane) Looks like: layered membrane (called a lipid bilayer) surrounding the cell but inside of the cell wall Job: “the regulator” -controls what comes in and out of the cell, protects, and supports the cell In a factory: security guards

Cell Wall Looks like: thick layer outside the plasma membrane Job: structure and support In a factory: Cement wall

Lysosome Looks like: small, sac-like organ Job: breaks down wastes In a factory: recycling center

Chloroplast Looks like: green stacks of membranes the contain chlorophyll Job: perform photosynthesis (convert sunlight into energy) In the factory: greenhouse

Vacuole Looks like: sac-like organ. HUGE in plant cells Job: stores water, food, and waste In a factory: storage room

Centrioles Centrioles are made of microtubules. Job: They play a central role in organizing cell division.

Cytoplasm The cytoplasm is the portion of the cell outside of the nucleus. Material in the cell membrane (not including the nucleus).

Organelle Function Nucleus: Contains the DNA and RNA and manufactures proteins Nucleolus: In nuclei where ribosomes are synthesized. Nuclear Envelope: Membrane of lipids and proteins that surrounds nucleus Centrioles: structure that appears during mitosis(cell division) Mitochondria: Energy producers of the cell Ribosomes: Produce proteins

Organelle Function Golgi Bodies: Packages Proteins Chloroplasts: Involved in photosynthesis Vacuoles: Store waste, nutrients, and water Lysosome: Contains digestive enzymes, mostly in animal cells. Endoplasmic Reticulum: Passageway that transports proteins from the nucleus Rough ER is covered in ribosomes, Smooth ER is not!

Create a Venn Diagram to compare/ contrast Exit Ticket Create a Venn Diagram to compare/ contrast Animal and Plant Cells