CELLS

2 Types of Cells Prokaryotic (Bacteria) Eukaryotic (Plant & Animal) Both contain Organelles

Nucleus Has nuclear envelope with pores to allow materials to pass in and out DNA is inside in the form of chromatins Ribosomes are made in the center of the nucleus in the nucleolus.

Cytoskeleton The inside of the cell Network of fibers Support and movement

Ribosomes Made in the nucleolus Found in the cytoplasm Found on the endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes make protein

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough because of Ribosomes on the surface Makes products for the cells like packaging proteins to be sent off The rough ER buds off transport vesicles to ship to other parts of the cells

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Make lipids (fats) and steroids Make enzymes

Golgi Apparatus Receives packages from ER Finishes the packages and stores them Distributes the packages Like UPS Man

Lysosomes Sac of digestive enzymes Break down macromolecules

Mitochondrion Where the glucose is broken down into energy Cellular Respiration Powerhouse of the cell Has membrane Looks like a bacteria Has own DNA

Cilia & Flagella Propels cells through liquids Cilia is many

Centrioles Microtubules (protein) that grow spindle fibers that divide the chromosomes in cell division

Cellular Membrane Selectively permeable, barrier Made of Phospholipids (Bilayer) and Proteins

Tight junctions allows cells to be leak proof Anchoring junctions attach cells to cells Communicating junctions are channels that allow water and food to be shared, as well as chemical messages to be sent Cells Communicate by Junctions

Cell Wall In Plant cells only Protects Maintains Shape Restrains the cell from absorbing too much H2O

Vacuole In Plant Cells Has membrane Like a holding tank of fluid Gives cells their shape

Chloroplasts In Plant Cells Perform photosynthesis Convert CO2 to water and the sun’s energy into glucose and O2