1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. _____________ (______________ ______________) 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ Start here

1. Sender 2. __________ 3. _________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ Start here

Sender Initiator of communication Encoder of message Speaker or performer who uses verbal and nonverbal means of communication

1. Sender 2. Encoding 3. __________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ Start here

Encoding Sender’s selection of a means of expression Translating ideas into forms of expression Selecting appropriate symbols and words for the receiver

Levels of Information Cultural – Race – Sex – National background Sociological – Level of education – Income – Social class Individual – Interests, hobbies, social groups, etc.

1. Sender 2. Encoding 3. Message ( Verbal / Nonverbal ) 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ Start here

Message Information A systemic translation of a sender’s intention into a code (for example, language or signs) The product of a sender’s efforts at communication A verbal or nonverbal expression of a sender’s purpose

Verbal Communication Sending a message to a receiver through words

Nonverbal Communication Messages sent by means other than words – Appearance – Voice (volume, tone) – Gestures – Body Movement – Eye contact or facial expression – Spatial relations

1. Sender 2. Encoding 3. Message ( Verbal / Nonverbal ) 4. Channel (Senses) 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ Start here

Channel Means of transmitting a message A medium related to the senses For example: – Airwaves carry messages through the auditory sense – Light waves carry messages through the visual one

1. Sender 2. Encoding 3. Message ( Verbal / Nonverbal ) 4. Channel (Senses) 5. Decoding 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ Start here

Decoding Receivers give meaning to a message through their own perceptions Receivers must interpret messages (symbols or codes) according to their own background, abilities, attitudes, etc.

1. Sender 2. Encoding 3. Message ( Verbal / Nonverbal) 4. Channel (Senses) 5. Decoding 6. Receiver 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ Start here

Receiver Target of the sender’s communication Decoder of message Listener or observer of verbal and nonverbal messages

1. Sender 2. Encoding 3. Message ( Verbal / Nonverbal ) 4. Channel (Senses) 5. Decoding 6. Receiver 7. Encoding 8. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ Start here

Encoding Same definition as last time… Now it is the receiver encoding his or her feedback.

1. Sender 2. Encoding 3. Message ( Verbal / Nonverbal ) 4. Channel (Senses) 5. Decoding 6. Receiver 7. Encoding 8. Feedback 10. ______________ 9. ______________ Start here

Feedback Response of the receiver to the sender’s message, which tells the sender how the message was received It answers the question, “How am I doing?” Examples: – Nodding heads – Confused looks – Questions – Applause

1. Sender 2. Encoding 3. Message ( Verbal / Nonverbal ) 4. Channel (Senses) 5. Decoding 6. Receiver 7. Encoding 8. Feedback 10. ______________ 9. Possible Interference Start here

Interference Anything that disrupts or prevents a receiver’s interpretation of a sender’s message as the latter intended

Internal Interference Feelings, attitudes, or opinions belonging to the receiver that prevent the receiver from listening to the speaker carefully. A teacher using vocabulary words that students don’t understand An individual’s bias against a certain group of people (race, ethnicity, etc.)

External Interference Disruptions usually found in the channel causing the transmission of the message to be interrupted Examples: – Fire truck siren interrupting the reception of speech – A loud clanking noise coming from the air conditioning unit – A grandpa who turns his hearing aid off while his wife is instructing him on the daily chores

1. Sender 2. Encoding 3. Message ( Verbal / Nonverbal ) 4. Channel (Senses) 5. Decoding 6. Receiver 7. Encoding 8. Feedback 10. Decoding 9. Possible Interference Start here

Decoding Same as previous definition This time the sender decodes the feedback from the receiver and analyzes whether or not message communicated effectively.

1. Sender: Snooki 2. Encodes: Yelling with hands up 3. Message: Why did I see pictures of you clubbing with girls. 4. Decoded: She sounds mad…and crazy. 5. Receiver: Jionni 6. Encodes: I should probably be nice. 7. Feedback: I’m sorry, babe. It will never happen again. 8. Decoded: He sounds sincere. I love him.