Chapter 17 “Becoming a World Power” 17.1 “The Pressure to Expand” (pg. 584 – 588) What factors led to the growth of imperialism around the world? Economic Factors Natural Resources New Markets Nationalistic Factors
Military Factors Humanitarian Factors Imperialist Nations Stronger armies and navies Humanitarian Factors Spread Western Civilization Spread Christianity Imperialist Nations Great Britain - Russia France -Japan Germany -US?
In what ways did the US begin to expand its interests abroad in the mid to late 1800s? 1800s Settling the West 1853 US Commodore Matthew C. Perry “Opened up Japan”
1867 Alaska “Seward’s Folly” $7.2 Million William Seward
1867 Midway Islands were Annexed
What arguments were made in favor of the US expansion in the 1890s? 1.)Business Minor Keith John D. Rockefeller
2.) National Security Build a Strong Navy to protect America Alfred T. Mahan The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 1660 – 1783 (1890)
Preserve American Spirit The need for a new frontier since the Census Department declared our’s closed in 1890 Some leaders in favor of expansion Theodore Roosevelt Henry Cabot Lodge Rev. Josiah Strong Sen. Albert J. Beveridge Frederick Jackson Turner
17.2 The Spanish - American War (pg. 589 – 596) How did the activities of the US in Latin America set the stage for the war with Spain? US Intervention in the Western Hemisphere Chile (1891) Brazil (1893) Venezuela (1895)
What were the events leading up to and following the Spanish-American War? Causes of War: 1.) Cuban Rebellion Spanish General Valeriano Weyler Concentration Camps “The Butcher”
Hearst Pulitzer -2.)Yellow Journalism Sensationalized News Stories New York World Joseph Pulitzer NewYorkJournal William Randolph Hearst Hearst Pulitzer
Dupuy De Lome William McKinley -3.) Jingoism – National Pride with an Aggressive Foreign Policy -4.) De Lome Letter Insulting letter written about Pres. McKinley by De Lome William McKinley
USS Maine
-5.) Explosion of the U.S.S. Maine “Remember the Maine”
Declaration of War Congress declared war in April 1898 Teller Amendment – US was fighting to free the Cubans and will not seek to acquire Cuba following the defeat of Spain War was fought in two “theaters” The Philippines Cuba
The Spanish American War (1898) Two Theaters The Philippines Theodore Roosevelt – Ass’t Secretary of the Navy Dispatched Adm. George Dewey (May 1) Dewey and the US Fleet destroyed the Spanish Fleet at Manila Bay in seven hours
Cuba (June 1898) Leonard Wood and TR led the Rough Riders at San Juan Hill, Cuba US Fleet destroyed the Spanish Fleet at Santiago Casualties – 5000/500
Secretary of State John Hay called it “A Splendid Little War” Only lasted a few months Limited Casualties Gained National Pride Earned International Respect Favorable Peace Treaty
Treaty of Paris Cuban Independence Puerto Rico and Guam to US US purchased the Philippines for $20,000,000 The Platt Amendment (US & Cuba) US Intervention in Cuban Affairs No treaties with other countries without US consent US use of Guantanamo Bay
Other Results of the War National Pride Worldwide Respect Worldwide Empire Hawaii (1898) Guam (1898) The Philippines (1898) Puerto Rico (1898) Samoa (1899)
Why did the US seek to gain influence in the Pacific? To Protect American Interests (Trade) Annexation of Hawaii (July 1898) Sanford Dole removed Queen Liliuokalani from power US annexed Hawaii during the war – Port Samoa (1899) China - Open Door Policy (1899)
Queen Liliuokalani Hawaii (1898) William McKinley Sanford Dole
Boxer Rebellion (1900)
17.3 A New Foreign Policy (pg. 598 – 603) Why did the US want to build the Panama Canal? Connect the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans “Big Stick Diplomacy” Colombia owned the land US offered to buy 10-mile-wide stretch Colombia refused the offer US Supported a Panamanian Revolt Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty
Construction of the Canal (1904 – 1914) France had abandon their attempt during the late 1800s Yellow Fever and Malaria George Goethals - Engineer Dr. William Gorgas - Mosquitos
What were the goals and results of Theodore Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” Diplomacy? US Navy = “Big Stick” The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine – US Intervention in the Western Hemisphere to preserve stability
Nobel Peace Prize Helped negotiate an end to the Russo-Japanese War (1905) Portsmouth, NH
In what ways did the foreign policies of Presidents Taft and Wilson differ from those of President Roosevelt? William Howard Taft (1909 – 1913) “Dollar Diplomacy” Give Money to Foreign Governments Stability through investment, trade, and jobs
Woodrow Wilson (1913 – 1921) “Moral Diplomacy” Mexico Tampico Incident (1914) Gen. John J. “Black Jack” Pershing Pancho Villa (1916 – 1917) Haiti (1915 – 1934) Dominican Republic (1916 – 1924)
Foreign Policy (1901 – 1917) Summary
17.4 Debating America’s New Role (pg. 604 – 607) What were the main arguments raised by the anti-imperialists? William Jennings Bryan Jane Addams Mark Twain
Arguments raised by the anti-imperialists Moral and Political Arguments A nation established on the principle of liberty should not deprive others of that right We should not have large standing armies Racial Arguments Anglo-Saxon superiority Economic Arguments Too costly Cheap labor
Why did imperialism appeal to many Americans? New places and exciting people New markets Becoming a world power The Great White Fleet (1907 – 1909)
How was American imperialism viewed from abroad? With our expanded role in the world came new responsibilities. At times we would take sides on issues affecting many people. Some nations grew dissatisfied with some of our decisions. From that time until now we have had to deal with this expanded role.