LIFE ONLINE The impact of the changing media ecology Lee Rainie ThinkTank06 Seton Hall University

Experts and information gatekeepers are challenged

There is a libertarian backlash

Crackpot ideas gain circulation

New institutions form

Fights over intellectual property break out

New cultures of identity multiply

New languages arise BRB: Be Right Back JK: Just Kidding LOL: Laughing Out Loud LYLAS: Love You Like a Sister NP: No Problem OMG: Oh My God OTP : On the Phone POS: Parent Over Shoulder ROFL: Rolling on Floor Laughing TTYL: Talk to You Later YW: You're Welcome !-(Black eye !-)Proud of black eye #-)Partied all night #:-oShocked %*}Inebriated %+{Got beat up %-)Dazed or silly %-6Brain-dead %-\Hung over %-|Worked all night %\Hangover >>:-<<Furious

Boundaries between public and private break down

New professions emerge

Educational methods are changed

Elizabeth Eisenstein: “The Printing Press as an Agent of Change” in the 15 th Century

New media ecology June 7, Reality 1 Media and gadgets are ubiquitous parts of everyday life

New media ecology June 7, Home media ecology Product Route to home Display Local storage TV stations phone TVCassette/ 8-track broadcast TV radio broadcast radio stereoVinyl album News mail Advertising newspaper delivery phone paper Radio Stationsnon-electronic Tom Wolzien, Sanford C. Bernstein & Co

New media ecology June 7, Home media ecology – now Product Route to home Display Local storage cableVCR TV stations phone/DSLTV Info wirelessradioDVD “Daily me” broadcast TVPCWeb-based storage content iPod /MP3server/ TiVo (PVR) Cable Nets broadcast radiostereoPC Web sites satellitemonitorweb storage Local news mailheadphonesCD/CD-ROM Content from express deliverypager individuals iPod / storageportable gamerMP3 player / iPod Peer-to-peer subcarriers / WIFIcell phonepagers - PDAs Advertising newspaper deliveryphonecable box Radio stationsPDA/Palmgame console game console paper Satellite radionon-electronicstorage sticks/disks Adapted from Tom Wolzien, Sanford C. Bernstein & Co

New media ecology June 7, Ball State: Media use on average day

New media ecology June 7, Reality 2 Gadgets allow us to enjoy media and carry on communication anywhere

New media ecology June 7, Mobile devices 73% of adults own cell phones 45% of teens own them

The communications Swiss Army knife Percentage of cell owners who use this feature now on their mobile phones Don’t use it now, but would like to have it Send and receive text messages35%13% Take still pictures28%19% Play games22%12% Access the internet14%16% Send / receive 8%24% Perform internet searches for things like movie listings, weather and stock quotes 7%24% Trade instant messages7%11% Play music6%19% Record their own video clips6%17% Get mobile maps4%47% Watch video or TV programs2%14%

New media ecology June 7, Mobile devices 55% of adults own digital cameras 43% of teens own them

New media ecology June 7, Mobile devices 43% of adults own video cameras 37% of teens own them

New media ecology June 7, Mobile devices 30% of adults own laptops 32% of teens own them

New media ecology June 7, Mobile devices 20% of adults own MP3 players ~40% of teens own them

New media ecology June 7, Mobile devices 11% of adults own a PDA or Blackberry 7% of teens own them

New media ecology June 7, Reality 3 The internet is at the center of the revolution

New media ecology June 7, Internet and broadband adoption All internet mill. Broadband - 83 mill.

New media ecology June 7, Download music – 51% Share own creations – 33% Activities of young greatly outpace their eldersActivities of young are not as great as their elders For a full list of activities tracked by PIP please go to:

New media ecology June 7, Reality 4 Multi-tasking is a way of life – and people live in a state of “continuous partial attention” --- Linda Stone

New media ecology June 7, Multitasking and attention deficits: What else were you doing when you last… Watched TV Listened to radio Read a newspaper Used the internet Talked on the phone Watched TV*9%38%17%54% Listened to radio 13* Read a newspaper 4321*214 Used the internet 20172*19 Talked on the phone * Source: Forrester Research, 2004

New media ecology June 7, Kaiser Family Foundation, Generation M, March 2005

New media ecology June 7, Kaiser Family Foundation, Generation M, March 2005

New media ecology June 7, Reality 5 Ordinary citizens have a chance to be publishers, movie makers, artists, song creators, and story tellers

New media ecology June 7, % of online teens share their own creations online, such as artwork, photos, stories, or videos Content creation

New media ecology June 7, % have created or worked on webpages or blogs for others, including those for groups they belong to, friends or school assignments Content creation

New media ecology June 7, % report keeping their own personal webpage Content creation

New media ecology June 7, % have created their own online journal or blog Content creation

New media ecology June 7, Content creation 19% say they remix content they find online into their own artistic creations

New media ecology June 7, Steve Bartman’s journey

New media ecology June 7,

New media ecology June 7, Reality 6 The internet is becoming a privileged information and communications medium and that changes expectations and behavior

New media ecology June 7, Expectations of internet users– 2002 Expect to find online Up-to-date news85% Basic government info82% Health / medical info81% Products and services info79% Locate a person58%

Total who used internet % relevant internet users who say int. played crucial / important role Overall growth > 2002 Bought a car (62.5 mill.) 29 million27% 17 million 21% Got more education / training for career (53 mill.) 35 million39% 21 million 50% Chose a school for me / my child (39.5 mill.) 27 million45% 17 million 55% Helped another with a serious illness (66.5 mill.) 33 million24% 17 million 55% Made major investment (56 mill.) 29 million29% 16 million 77% Internet use at major life moments

Total who used internet % relevant internet users who say int. played crucial / important role Overall growth > 2002 Found a new place to live (32.5 mill.) 16 million33% 11 million 25% Changed jobs (34 mill.) 14 million25% 8 million 17% Dealt myself with a major illness (26 mill.) 12 million26% 7 million 16% Got married (7 mill.) 3 million24% 1.6 million 63% Internet use at major life moments

New media ecology June 7, Reality 7 The mass market is fragmenting and heavy internet users are different consumers from lighter users and non-users

Fragmented media environment (% of all Americans who “regularly” go to news source: PRC People/Press)

Getting News on the Typical Day: Elite Broadband Users Versus the Rest (% of who say they get news from specific source ‘yesterday’) “High-powered” home broadband All other home broadband Local TV 59%54% National TV 5246 Radio 5347 Local paper 4335 Internet 7124 National paper 2114 Average no. of sources Number of cases Source: Pew Internet Project December 2005 survey.

New media ecology June 7, Reality 8 Power, influence, and relations between media producers and consumers change in a “prosumer” world

Industrial Age Broadcast Model Information Age Many-to-many model Gary Brolsma New Jersey Walter Cronkite New York

New media ecology June 7, Reality 9 Social networks matter more and more in the “Long Tail” world and in a world where personal tagging is commonplace

New media ecology June 7, Amazon, Rhapsody/iTunes, Netflix Traffic Content 20%-40% of traffic or sales in the “long tail”

The Internet’s Role in Making an Important Decision What specific role did the internet play in the event for which the internet played an important or crucial role? For respondents who said the internet played a crucial or important role in buying a car, making a major investment, getting additional career training, choosing a school for self or child, or helping someone with a major illness or health condition. Help you find advice and support from other people 34% Help you find information or compare options 30 Help you find professional or expert services 28 Source: Pew Internet & American Life Project March 2005 Survey. The margin of error ±5% for the 560 respondents to this question.

New media ecology June 7, Reality 10 Everything will change even more in coming years

New media ecology June 7, The J-curve laws Computing power doubles every 18 months – Moore’s law Storage power doubles every 12 months – disk law Communications power doubles every 2-3 years with improvements in fiber optics and compression – Gilder’s law –Spectrum power is enhanced with efficiency improvements in spectrum allocation and use

New media ecology June 7, Smart mobs – Howard Rheingold

Digital age shifts in learning -- Brown and Duguid TEXT TEXT+IMAGE BEING TOLD (authority based) DEDUCTIVE (linear) DON’T KNOW WON’T TRY INFORMATION RICH NAVIGATION MEDIA DISCOVERY, EXPERIENTIAL BRICOLAGE + JUDGMENT (lateral) DON’T KNOW – LINK, LURK & TRY literacy John Seely Brown and Paul Duguid, Social Life of Information action reasoning learning

Life orientation moves from households to individual networks Wellman ’ s vision Individualized Networking Little Awareness of Context of Place Multiple Specialized Relationships Partial Membership in Multiple Networks Long-Distance Relationships More Transitory Relationships Online Interactions Linked with Offline More Uncertainty, More Maneuverability Possibly Less Caring for Strangers More Weak Ties

The Industrial Age education model the clueless, teacher-dependent pupil

Underlying world view, Industrial Age education Expert knowledge and processes Teacher Pupil Aides All other possible inputs from people, Institutions and info sources

The Information Age education model the net-savvy, well-connected, teacher-independent end-user

NET-SAVVY LEARNER my reference materials and texts my search engine my personal network my teachers my favorite research sites my peers my tagged research aids my online tutors qualityware & communityware Underlying world view, Information Age learner

New media ecology June 7, Thank you! Lee Rainie Director Pew Internet & American Life Project 1615 L Street NW Suite 700 Washington, DC