1 Chapter 10 Chemical Quantities 10.2 The Mole Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Section 10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter OBJECTIVES: Describe methods of measuring the amount of something.

Section 10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter OBJECTIVES: Define Avogadro’s number as it relates to a mole of a substance.

Section 10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter OBJECTIVES: Distinguish between the atomic mass of an element and its molar mass.

Section 10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter OBJECTIVES: Describe how the mass of a mole of a compound is calculated.

6 Collection Terms A collection term states a specific number of items. 1 dozen donuts = 12 donuts 1 ream of paper = 500 sheets 1 case = 24 cans Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

7 A mole (mol) is a collection that contains The same number of particles as there are carbon atoms in g of carbon x atoms of an element (Avogadro’s number). 1 mol C = x C atoms 1 mol CO 2 = x CO 2 molecules 1 mol NaCl = x NaCl formula units A Mole of Particles

8 Samples of One Mole Quantities Table 6.1 Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

9 Using Avogadro’s Number Avogadro’s number Converts moles of a substance to the number of particles. Converts particles of a substance to moles. Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

10 Subscripts and Moles The subscripts in a formula state The relationship of atoms in the formula. The moles of each element in 1 mol of compound. Glucose C 6 H 12 O 6 In 1 molecule: 6 atoms C 12 atoms H6 atoms O In 1 mol: 6 mol C 12 mol H 6 mol O

11 Subscripts State Atoms and Moles 1 mol C 9 H 8 O 4 = 9 mol C 8 mol H 4 mol O Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

12 Learning Check A. How many moles O are in mol aspirin C 9 H 8 O 4 ? B. How many O atoms are in mol aspirin C 9 H 8 O 4 ?

13 Solution A. How many mol O are in mol aspirin C 9 H 8 O 4 ? mol C 9 H 8 O 4 x 4 mol O = mol O 1 mol C 9 H 8 O 4 subscript factor B. How many O atoms are in mol aspirin C 9 H 8 O 4 ? mol C 9 H 8 O 4 x 4 mol O x x O atoms 1 mol C 9 H 8 O 4 1 mol O subscript Avogadro’s factor Number = 3.61 x O atoms

14 Learning Check How many O atoms are in mol aspirin C 9 H 8 O 4 ?

15 Solution How many O atoms are in mol aspirin C 9 H 8 O 4 ? mol C 9 H 8 O 4 x 4 mol O x x O atoms 1 mol C 9 H 8 O 4 1 mol O subscript Avogadro’s factor number = 3.61 x O atoms