Waves and the Doppler Effect

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Conceptual Physics 11th Edition

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Presentation transcript:

Waves and the Doppler Effect

Parts of a Wave

Wave Properties Wavelength Wavelength, l, is the distance between two consecutive peaks.

Wave Properties Amplitude Amplitude is the height of the wave above or below the equilibrium point.

Wave Properties Frequency Frequency, f, is the number of waves passing a particular point in one second. Also known as pitch.

Examples of Frequency What is the frequency of the second hand of a clock? Frequency = 1cycle/60 sec What is the frequency of US Presidential elections? Frequency = 1 election/4 yrs

8. DOPPLER EFFECT Refers to the change in frequency when there is relative motion between an observer of waves and the source of the waves Doppler with Sound Doppler with Water

The Doppler effect- Change in frequency due to the source or receiver greater the speed the source, greater the Doppler effect Stationary bug Bug swimming Blue Shift-increase in frequency Red Shift- Decrease in frequency

Supersonic

Bow waves V-shaped pattern made by overlapping crest

Shock Waves Produced by supersonic aircraft, three-dimensional cone shaped Sonic boom – sharp crack heard when conical shell of compressed air that sweeps behind a supersonic aircraft reaches listeners on the ground below.