Hedgehogs Ain’t Got No Friends Blues for The Happy Sanduíche medicado do gato Never Make Your Fish Wear a Sweater It’s Just Mean If it’s on the Bottom of your Shoe…don’t Eat it!

What is the magnification of a microscope with a 10x eyepiece and a 60x objective?

10x x 60x =600x

Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek help develop the microscope in to help to study____?

Cells

Cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems all come together to form what?

An organism

What type of organisms consist of a single cell that does not have a nucleus or membrane- bound organelles?

PROKARYOTES

What would you look for if you were trying to decide if you were looking at a plant cell or an animal cell?

Look for chloroplasts and a cell wall...you won’t find those in animal cells.

The source of energy for all living things is_______

The Sun

What keeps cells from growing larger than they do?

They are limited due to surface area/volume ratio.

What is the cell membrane composed of and what makes it unique?

It is made of a phospholipid bilayer. What makes it special is that it is selectively permeable…it can control what comes into and what goes out of the cell.

What does the cell theory state?

1. All living things are made of cells. 2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living things. 3. Cells come from other cells.

Some cells are specialized (they are designed to do a specific job), what effect does this have on tissues, organs, and organ systems?

This enables them to perform more efficiently.

What is the outer boundary of the animal cell?

Cell Membrane

What do chloroplasts do?

They utilize the Sun’s energy along with water and carbon dioxide to produce food for plant cells. This process also releases oxygen.

Which organelle is the cell’s command center?

The nucleus

What is the function of the cell wall? In which cells would you find one? Extra Info: What are they composed of?

The cell wall supports and protects the cell. It is found in: >Plant cells-Cellulose >Fungi-Chitin >Bacteria-Peptidoglycan

What do mitochondria do in plant and animal cells?

They produce energy (in the form of ATP) from food in the oxidation reaction of glucose.

What do ribosomes do?

They synthesize (make) proteins by linking amino acids together. Extra info: The chemical bonds that link amino acids are called peptide bonds.

What do lysosomes do?

They break down waste from cellular metabolism and render it harmless or recycle it for reuse.

How is a bacteria cell different from plant and animal cells?

Bacteria… - no nucleus. - The chromatin is free floating in the cytoplasm (the area with the circular DNA is called the nucleoid…just a little extra info.) -no membrane-bound organelles (they do have ribosomes). - Bacteria are also generally smaller.

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

It helps to move substances around within the cell kinda like a highway system. The rough ER also has ribosomes embedded in part of it.

What function does the golgi complex perform within the cell?

It modifies (changes), sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and redirects (sends) them on to their final destination within the cell. Sorta like the US Postal Service or UPS works.

Make an analogy for the nucleus.

Example: Nucleus is to cell as brain is to person because the nucleus controls the all of the body’s functions and the human brain controls all of a person’s functions.

Make an analogy for the cell membrane

Cell membrane is to cell as bouncer is to club because the cell membrane makes chemical “decisions” regarding what can leave and enter the cell, just as the club bouncer decides who can get in and out.

Make an analogy for the endoplasmic reticulum.

Endoplasmic reticulum is to cell as highway system is to city because the ER is the substrate on which molecules travel from one part of a cell to another, just like cars travel along city roadways to get from place to place.

Make an analogy for the Golgi body.

Golgi body is to cell as the post office is to a town. The Golgi body repackages molecules and sends them to their destination within the cell, just like the post office makes sure that parcels get to their destinations.

Make an analogy for a vacuole.

A vacuole is to cell as stomach is to vertebrate (any animal with a backbone). The vacuoles store food or water for further processing, just as your stomach stores what you eat and drink prior to final digestion.