Literary Elements Mrs. Dauphin

Let’s Define Literary Elements Simile – Comparison of two unlike things, using a word such as like, as, than or resembles Metaphor – Imaginative comparison between two unlike things in which one things is said to be another thing. DO NOT USE WORDS SUCH AS LIKE, AS THAN, OR RESEMBLES.

Does this quote uses Simile or Metaphor. How? Don’t tell mother her cookies taste like lumps of sand. Simile Ethan’s head was a spinning top with ideas of how to do his book report. Metaphor

Personification and Hyperbole Giving nonhuman thing human characteristics. What ideas can you add to personification? Hyperbole : use of overstatement and/or exaggeration Examples: Cry me a river. I cried a river over you. We could have herd a pin drop. He’s go a heart as big as the outdoors.

Can the situation really be a million billion times worse?

Do not forget about Imagery and Symbolism! Language that appeals to the senses. Example: The sounds of the street are a symphony of honks, squeaks, squeals, and zooms. Symbol: Person, place, thing, or event that has its own meaning and stands for something beyond itself as well. Examples: Rainbow in “Toward a Rainbow Nation”

Here are some tips you may want to use to identify symbolism Look for repeated words, images or actions What do they mean? Why are they important? When a character takes action, what are the reasons? What are the traits or qualities that may make the item a symbol? (Hint: good to use while taking the ARMT in a few weeks!)

What evidence can you find in the poem below that supports the literary terms we have discussed. The Tortilla Dances in my hands As I carry it To the drainboard, Where I smear it With butter, The yellow ribbon of butter That will drop Like fruit From the Tree To stare at me With his glassy eyes. I will rip a piece For him. He will jump On his food And gargle it down. Chirp once and fly Back into the wintry tree. from “Ode to the Tortilla,” by Gary Soto Personification: The tortilla dances in my hands Metaphor: The yellow ribbon of butter that will drip Simile The sparrow will drop like fruit to the tree What else to you see?

Is it ironic? How? Irony: Who can recall the different types of irony? Verbal Situational Dramatic

Definition behind Irony Verbal Irony: Contrast between what is said and what is meant Example: Mother comes into the TV room and discovers her 11-year-old watching South Park instead of doing his homework, as he was set to a dozen minutes ago.  Pointing to the screen she says, "Don't let me tempt you from your duties, kiddo, but when you're finished with your serious studies there, maybe we could take some time out for recreation and do a little math."

Situational Irony Situational Irony: Occurs when what happens is different than what is said. Example:

Dramatic Irony Dramatic Irony: When the reader knows something is about to happen that the character does not know. Example: In a horror movie: the character runs upstairs….. Often the music plays a role in developing the dramatic irony.

Lets Review Briefly Give an example of each Element Simile Metaphor Personification Hyperbole Onomatopoeia Point of view

Sounds Alliteration: Onomatopoeia: Repetition of the same or very similar constant or sounds How can a clam cram in a clean cream can? Onomatopoeia: Use of words with sounds that echo their sense Seth whooshed down the hill on his sled.

Using your critical thinking skills lets discuss some examples of onomatopoeia.

Here are some examples of Onomatopoeia

Who can tell me what the three types of Rhyme were? (Raise your hand!) End Rhyme: Occurs at the end Internal Rhymes: Written within a line Rhyme Scheme: Pattern of end rhymes in a poem Examples: abab or abc abc Remember this Poem: Meg Likes to read and eat. (a) She does not like to write. (b) She will devour a book or a tasty treat. (a) But she won’t write her essay tonight. (b)

What’s your point of view? What different points of view? First Person: The narrator is the main character: Peak Second Person: The narrator addresses the reader as you Advertising and how to manuals Third Person Omniscient: The narrator is all knowing Third Person Limited: The narrator focuses on one character’s thoughts and actions

Do you agree that the below passage is written in third person point of view? If so, why? “Just one hour, una hora, is all I’m asking of you son, My grandfather is in a nursing home in Brooklyn, and my mother wants to spend some time, since the doctors say that he doesn’t’ have too long to go now. I don’t have much time left of my summer vacation, and there’s a stack of books next to my bed I‘ve got to read if I’m going to get into the AP English Class I want.

How are graphics used in literature? Capitalization: used in the first word in a line (usually in traditional poetry not always in modern) Line Length: used to alter meaning, create sounds, and rhythm Word Positions: Give creative style Tone: Involves the attitude of the writer that a writer takes towards the audience. Mood: Over all emotion created by a work of literature

Excellent Review everyone! Now you are ready for the test tomorrow! Be sure to review all notes! Be extra careful to know your terms!