DoD Executive Agent Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations and Environment) NDCEE is operated by: The Road to Renewable Energy: It’s Not All “Fun in the Sun” David S. Eady Sustainability and Readiness Principal NDCEE National Defense Center for Environmental Excellence TRANSFERRING TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS Supporting Readiness, Sustainability, and Transformation 29 June 2005

2 National Defense Center for Environmental Excellence REGION 4 CONFERENCE – JUNE 2005Executive Agent – OASA(I&E) How Green is Green? Renewable or “Green” Energy and Sustainability n What is “sustainability”?  “The ability to maintain the necessary level and duration of operational activity to achieve military objectives.” (JP 1-02)  …the capacity for continuance into the long term future n Sustainability and the “Triple Bottom Line”:  Mission  Community  Environment

3 National Defense Center for Environmental Excellence REGION 4 CONFERENCE – JUNE 2005Executive Agent – OASA(I&E) How Green is Green? Renewable or “Green” Energy and Sustainability n Sustainability aspects include:  Human activities, interactions and institutions  Resource exchange (i.e. flows of energy and materials)  Ecosystem manipulation n L.E.S.S. is more:  Leave it => limit flows from lithosphere to biosphere  Eat it => waste must equal food; there are limits  Spare it => maintain biological diversity and productivity  Share it => meet basic needs worldwide

4 National Defense Center for Environmental Excellence REGION 4 CONFERENCE – JUNE 2005Executive Agent – OASA(I&E) How Green is Green? Renewable or “Green” Energy and Sustainability n Three kinds of resources:  Natural flows (sunlight, winds, ocean currents, etc.) n …continuously flowing resources, from which society can deflect a flow to meet its needs  Funds (forests, fish populations, etc.) n …use natural flows to maintain themselves and when harvested will regenerate, if not irreversibly damaged  Deposits (natural gas, petroleum, coal, etc.) n …have no (or very limited) re-growth possibility within human planning horizons and are gradually depleted when extracted

5 National Defense Center for Environmental Excellence REGION 4 CONFERENCE – JUNE 2005Executive Agent – OASA(I&E) How Green is Green? Renewable or “Green” Energy and Sustainability n What is “renewable” energy?  Renewable energy sources are constantly replenished and will never run out. (NREL)  Renewable energy sources come from existing flows of energy, from ongoing natural processes

6 National Defense Center for Environmental Excellence REGION 4 CONFERENCE – JUNE 2005Executive Agent – OASA(I&E) How Green is Green? Renewable or “Green” Energy and Sustainability n What are the different types of “renewable” energy?*  Solar energy  Wind energy  Biomass energy  Geothermal energy  Hydroelectric power  Hydrogen energy  Ocean energy Does not include fossil fuels or nuclear energy! * Adapted from information found on the NREL website.

7 National Defense Center for Environmental Excellence REGION 4 CONFERENCE – JUNE 2005Executive Agent – OASA(I&E) How Green is Green? Renewable or “Green” Energy and Sustainability n Solar energy*  Photovoltaic (solar cell) systems: n producing electricity directly from sunlight  Concentrating solar systems: n using the sun’s heat to produce electricity  Passive solar hearing and daylighting: n using solar energy to heat and light buildings  Solar hot water: n heating water with solar energy  Solar process heat and space heating and cooling: n industrial and commercial uses of the sun’s heat * Adapted from information found on the NREL website.

8 National Defense Center for Environmental Excellence REGION 4 CONFERENCE – JUNE 2005Executive Agent – OASA(I&E) How Green is Green? Renewable or “Green” Energy and Sustainability n Wind energy*  Wind turbines n Stand-alone applications (e.g. water pumping or communications) n Connected to a utility power grid (e.g. a wind plant or “farm”) * Adapted from information found on the NREL website.

9 National Defense Center for Environmental Excellence REGION 4 CONFERENCE – JUNE 2005Executive Agent – OASA(I&E) How Green is Green? Renewable or “Green” Energy and Sustainability n Biomass energy*  Biofuels: n converting biomass into liquid fuels for transportation  Biopower: n burning biomass directly, or converting it into a gaseous fuel or oil, to generate electricity  Bioproducts: n converting biomass into chemicals for making products typically made from petroleum * Adapted from information found on the NREL website.

10 National Defense Center for Environmental Excellence REGION 4 CONFERENCE – JUNE 2005Executive Agent – OASA(I&E) How Green is Green? Renewable or “Green” Energy and Sustainability n Why is renewable energy important?  Environmental benefits n Renewable energy technologies have much lower environmental impact than conventional energy technologies  Sustainable supplies n Renewable energy sources will not run out, but other sources are finite and can be depleted  Economic benefits n Renewable energy investments are typically local, creating jobs and fueling local economies rather than contributing to energy imports  Energy security n Renewable energy reduces dependency on foreign oil supplies

1 National Defense Center for Environmental Excellence REGION 4 CONFERENCE – JUNE 2005Executive Agent – OASA(I&E) Backup Slides

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14 National Defense Center for Environmental Excellence REGION 4 CONFERENCE – JUNE 2005Executive Agent – OASA(I&E) Bio-Energy Cycle

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