1 United States Marine Corps Power Projection Requirements: Naval Mine Countermeasures LtGen E. R. Bedard, DC PP&O A Brief for the Mine Warfare Association Panama City, Florida May 2003

2 Purpose Outline Marine Corps Power Projection Requirements with Respect to MCM Touch Upon: –Efforts to Improve Ground MCM Capabilities –Participation in Navy MCM Efforts –Three Actions to Expedite an Adequate Naval MCM Capability UNCLASSIFIED

3 Why joint mine countermeasures teams will never work Used with permission of Phillip Thompson and Army Times Publishing Co. UNCLASSIFIED

4 Why joint mine countermeasures teams will never work Used with permission of Phillip Thompson and Army Times Publishing Co. It’s a Naval Thing! UNCLASSIFIED

5 Power Projection Supported by the Sea Base Reinforcement of the ATF Phased Arrival and Assembly at Sea Next Mission First Mission Reconstitute and Redeploy Selective Offload STOM Humanitarian Assistance “Sea Basing is about projecting sovereignty around the world…I believe that this will be more important than ever in the 21 st century.” CNO Jun 02 “We cannot deter aggression, nor defeat future adversaries, solely with military capabilities based at home. Regional engagement requires presence, and there is no such thing as truly effective ‘virtual presence.” CMC Mar 02 UNCLASSIFIED

6 Observations Seabasing Will Reduce -- But Not Eliminate -- Our Footprint Ashore –Can’t Fly Everything In. Not Enough Assets. Weather. –Significant Surface Transport Requirement Remains Proliferation of Cheap but Effective Mines Precludes “Detect and Avoid Only” Strategy Through the 2015 Timeframe –Few Assaultable Beaches in High-Interest AOs –Suitable Ports and Approaches Known / Prepared –“Unencumbered Maneuver” Technology Unforeseeable UNCLASSIFIED

7 Naval Requirements A Family of Homeport-to-Inland Objective MCM Capabilities that Enable the U.S. to Project Power at Time/Place of It’s Choosing –Critical Navy-Marine Corps Transition Vicinity the BZ Commanders Must be Able to Detect and Avoid Mines when Possible, and Breach Them when Necessary –Deep Water, SW, VSW, SZ, BZ and Ashore –Opposed and Unopposed UNCLASSIFIED

8 Naval Requirements ISR Capabilities that Allow Clandestine Detection and Identification of Mines on the Beach and in all Depth Realms –Deployable by / Responsive to Afloat Commanders –Key to “Detect and Avoid” and “Detect and Breach” Precision Navigation Capabilities that Enhance Ability to Avoid / Reduce the Demand on Breaching Assets –“Dimes” Invested in ISR/Navigation Will Save “Dollars” in Breaching/Neutralization UNCLASSIFIED

9 Naval Requirements Breaching/Neutralization Capabilities that: –Are Deliverable from Over the Horizon –Are Effective in VSW, the SZ, and Ashore –Get Men and Mammals Out of the Minefield –Are Employable by and Responsive to Afloat Commanders –Offer Flexibility to Match OMFTS/STOM Tactics –Have Acceptable Logistical Impacts on Amphibious and MPF Shipping UNCLASSIFIED

10 STOM CONOPS Surface assault force Multiple axes of attack 25 NM OTH, 200 NM inland Vertical Assault Force Inserted in one 8 hour period of darkness Sustainable: C2, Fires, Logistics 100 NM Ship-to-Objective distance MCM support required throughout the battlespace Flexibility Time UNCLASSIFIED Response Distance

11 Scenario: Two Surface/One Air Delivered BLTs Assumption: No Exploitable Gaps in Minefield Marine Corps Requirements 8 Breached Lanes per MEB Marine Corps Requirements 8 Breached Lanes per MEB UNCLASSIFIED 2 Potential LPSs per BLT => 1 Actual 4 Potential LPSs per MEB => 2 Actual 8 Potential LPPs per LPS => 4 Actual 32 Potential LPPs per MEB => 8 Actual LPS LPPs (x8) ~ 3 Kilometers BLT AF(MEB) Direction of Attack Axis of Advance

12 Capability Summary Through ~ 2015? 9 200’ 40’ HWM 10’ Joint MCM Requirements: Logistics from the Sea USMC MCM Requirements: EMW / Operations Ashore USMC MCM Requirements: EMW / Operations Ashore Navy Deep MCM Navy Deep MCM Deep Water Deep Water Shallow Water Very Shallow Water Very Shallow Water Surf Zone Surf Zone Beach Zone/ Operations Ashore Beach Zone/ Operations Ashore NavyAmphibMCM Requirements: “Blue in Support of Green” NavyAmphibMCM Requirements: “Blue in Support of Green” Hunt and Sweep with: 14 MCMs / 12 MHCs 15 EOD Dets MH Ss ALMDS, AMNS, RMS, OASIS, RAMICS NSCT Divers Mammals UUVs UUVs) Line Charge AAV w/Mk154 M1A1 w/TWMP Assault Breacher Vehicle ACE APOBS Advanced Mine Detector COBRA UNCLASSIFIED NSCT-1 JABS NSW LCS? Logistics from the Sea Joint MCM Requirements: NSCT (Divers Mammals

13 Capability Summary Through ~ 2015? 9 200’ 40’ HWM 10’ Joint MCM Requirements: Logistics from the Sea USMC MCM Requirements: EMW / Operations Ashore USMC MCM Requirements: EMW / Operations Ashore Navy Deep MCM Navy Deep MCM Deep Water Deep Water Shallow Water Very Shallow Water Very Shallow Water Surf Zone Surf Zone Beach Zone/ Operations Ashore Beach Zone/ Operations Ashore NavyAmphibMCM Requirements: “Blue in Support of Green” NavyAmphibMCM Requirements: “Blue in Support of Green” Hunt and Sweep with: 14 MCMs / 12 MHCs 15 EOD Dets MH Ss ALMDS, AMNS, RMS, OASIS, RAMICS NSCT Divers Mammals UUVs UUVs) Line Charge AAV w/Mk154 M1A1 w/TWMP Assault Breacher Vehicle ACE APOBS Advanced Mine Detector COBRA UNCLASSIFIED NSCT-1 JABS NSW LCS? Logistics from the Sea Joint MCM Requirements: NSCT (Divers Mammals

14 Key Marine Corps MCM Capability Gaps Inadequate Capability to Detect Mines – Up Close and from a Standoff Distance –Response: Advanced Mine Detector (FY04 & FY08) –Response: Coastal Battlefield Reconnaissance and Analysis (COBRA) Sensor System No Capability to Breach Minefields and Complex Obstacles “In Stride” –Response: Assault Breacher Vehicle (FY06) Inadequate Capability to Clear Small Tactical Areas (CLZs, LZs, Log Areas, etc.) UNCLASSIFIED

15 Marine Corps MCM Programs and Way Ahead Support of Current MCM Programs of Record Develop and Implement a MCM Master Plan –Guide Ground MCM Effort w/DOTMLPF Perspective –Army and Navy (OPNAV(N75) & ONR) Membership –DC PP&O is Lead Agent Create MEB/MEF MCM Capability Sets Pursue Robotics such as TUGV Support and Participate in Navy MCM Efforts Leverage Army MCM Efforts UNCLASSIFIED

16 Key Navy MCM Capability Gaps Virtually No Capability to Detect, Avoid and Defeat SZ/BZ Mines and Obstacles Inadequate Ability to Detect, Avoid and Defeat VSW Mines –Naval Special Clearance Team-1 Can Detect and Defeat VSW Mines – but Neither Rapidly nor Covertly Enough to Support OMFTS / STOM Operations UNCLASSIFIED

17 Key Navy MCM Programs with Marine Interest/Participation Family of Far-Term Assault Breaching Systems (FY12/15) Amphibious Operations in a Mined Environment Mission Area Analysis JDAM Assault Breaching System (JABS) (FY06/07) Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) UNCLASSIFIED

18 Action: End the “1% of Navy TOA to MiW” Funding Paradigm –Inconsistent with Post-Desert Storm Commitment to and Concern for MCM –Inconsistent with Strategic Focus on the Littorals –Inadequately Addressing the “Red Ball” Capability Gap in the Surf Zone –Forces “No Win” Programmatic Choices Among Under-funded MiW / MCM Programs. Increase MiW Investment to 1.25% of TOA –Apply Additional Funding To Critical VSW/SZ/BZ Capability Gap. Accelerate Capability Fielding! UNCLASSIFIED MCM Capability Enablers

19 Action: Continue Developing Unifying Studies, Doctrine, CONOPs, Requirements, Programs –MCM iso STOM Guideline Study -- Feb 2003 –“The Way Ahead” in MiW Study –Amphibious Ops in Mined Environment MAA –Far-Term ABS Analysis of Alternatives –STOM CONOPS –COBRA Sensor System Harmonizes Navy and Marine Corps MCM Requirements, Capabilities and Tactics MCM Capability Enablers UNCLASSIFIED

20 Action: Break the Naval UAV Logjam –Meet OMFTS/STOM Requirements for Accessibility, Range, Speed, Endurance, Payload, Shipboard Launch and Recovery, Survivability, etc. –COBRA Sensor System Requires a Host MCM Capability Enablers UNCLASSIFIED

21 Why joint mine countermeasures teams will never work Used with permission of Phillip Thompson and Army Times Publishing Co. It’s a Naval Thing! UNCLASSIFIED

22 Why joint mine countermeasures teams will never work Used with permission of Phillip Thompson and Army Times Publishing Co. It’s a Naval Thing! Joint UNCLASSIFIED

23 4th Infantry Division Enroute to Iraq UNCLASSIFIED

24 United States Marine Corps Power Projection Requirements: Naval Mine Countermeasures LtGen E. R. Bedard, DC PP&O A Brief for the Mine Warfare Association Panama City, Florida May 2003

25 Naval Mine Countermeasures Backup Slides UNCLASSIFIED

26 UNCLASSIFIED Assault Breacher Vehicle (ABV) Prototype (Dec ’02)

27 UNCLASSIFIED

28 HANDHELD MINE DETECTION SYSTEM (HSTAMIDS) ADVANCED MINE DETECTOR (AMD) UNCLASSIFIED

29 UNCLASSIFIED COBRA

30 GLADIATOR TACTICAL UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE (TUGV)