DNA vs. RNA Partner Matching With your partner, match each characteristic with either DNA or RNA When you are done, create a Venn diagram comparing and contrasting DNA & RNA using your matching activity. You must create at least 4 similarities! Write one paragraph comparing and contrasting DNA and RNA. Do this independently!

DNA Replication Quiz

Review Transcription Practice (#7)

So… Now we know the DNA codes for the proteins that need to be made.. And, that mRNA picks that code up and brings it to the ribosome. But…then what?

WRITE the QUESTIONS and ANSWER!!! Do Now WRITE the QUESTIONS and ANSWER!!! 1. What must cells do before they can divide? How does replication of DNA differ from transcription of DNA? Why must mRNA be used in protein synthesis? Where does the mRNA come from to transcribe the DNA? What does the Central Dogma state/indicate?

Lost in Translation What does translation mean? When have you had to translate something?

What is TRANSLATION? RNAPROTEIN The GOAL of TRANSLATION is the link amino acids together to make PROTEINS RNAPROTEIN

Where does TRANSLATION take place? The CYTOPLASM and RIBOSOMES CYTOPLASM: because the mRNA travels our of the nucleus into the cytoplasm on the way to the Ribosome RIBOSOME: because this is where the proteins are actually made

What are the STEPS of Translation? mRNA attaches to the ribosome Ribosome “reads” the mRNA groups in THREE BASES = a CODON a. Each CODON codes for a certain amino acid A tRNAmolecule comes along with the right ANTICODON to match the mRNA CODON CODON = AAA ANTICODON = CODON = UAG ANTICODON = The tRNAmolecules “carries” the amino acids and links them together with PEPTIDE bonds to make a PROTEIN

What is another name for PROTEINS? POLYPEPTIDES because they are made of many PEPTIDE BONDS

IMPORTANT TERMS: CODON = is a set of THREE NITROGEN BASES ONE CODON = ONE AMINO ACID TRANSCRIPTION = DNA mRNA (in nucleus) TRANSLATION = RNAPROTEIN (in cytoplasm/ribosome)

PROTEIN SYTHESIS ANALOGY: A NECKLACEFACTORY GALLERY WALK PROTEIN SYTHESIS ANALOGY: A NECKLACEFACTORY

The RIBOSOME is like… A necklace factory. Because… The whole purpose of the factory is to make necklaces (proteins)

The DNA is like… The Boss Because… it tells the factory workers which type of necklaces to make.

The mRNA is like… The Secretary Because… it delivers the necklace recipes and orders to the factory The Boss (DNA) tells the secretary (mRNA) which necklaces (proteins) need to be made The secretary (mRNA) delivers the Boss’s (DNA) necklaces order to the factory (Ribosome)

The tRNA is like… The Delivery trucks Because… it drops off the ingredients to the factory for the correct necklaces to be made The trucks (tRNA) drop off the ingredients – the beads (amino acids) - to make the necklaces (proteins) that the Boss (DNA) ordered

So… The Boss (DNA) gives the necklace orders and recipes to the Secretary (mRNA) to bring to the necklace factory (ribosomes). The Delivery Trucks (tRNA) bring the ingredients (amino acids) to the necklace factory (ribosome), where the necklaces (proteins) are made and then shipped out

With your partner.. Take 1 minutes to discuss the analogy and how the necklace factory relates to protein synthesis

But… What does this actually look like? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NJxobgkPEAo http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B6O6uRb1D38

Annotate your drawing along with me…

Check Point 1) The diagram above depicts the process of ______________________________ synthesis, or how the cell makes proteins from DNA. 2) What is the name of the process happening inside the nucleus? 3) In one sentence, explain what happens in the nucleus. 4) To what organelle does mRNA go to after the first step of protein synthesis? 5) What step of protein synthesis happens here? 6) Explain what happens during the process you identified above.

Autoville Practice Using your knowledge of Protein Synthesis and the Cookie Analogy, Independently complete Autoville practice

Now… We know that the mRNA brings the recipe to make the proteins And, the tRNA brings the right ingredients (amino acids) to make the proteins And, the Ribosome actually puts the ingredients together to make the proteins BUT… How does the tRNA know which amino acids to bring…?

GUIDED PRACTICE Translation

TRANSCRIPTION RACE DNA Complementary Strand mRNA Amino Acids

TRANSCRIPTION RACE DNA CTA Complementary Strand mRNA Amino Acids

TRANSCRIPTION RACE DNA GCA Complementary Strand mRNA Amino Acids

TRANSCRIPTION RACE DNA GGT Complementary Strand mRNA Amino Acids

TRANSCRIPTION RACE DNA TTC CAC Complementary Strand mRNA Amino Acids

TRANSCRIPTION RACE DNA GTA CAT Complementary Strand mRNA Amino Acids

TRANSCRIPTION RACE DNA CCT GTA TCA Complementary Strand mRNA Amino Acids

PRACTICE Protein synthesis TAT

Codon Chart