MADE TO BE MADE AGAIN CHEMISTRY FOR A CIRCULAR ECONOMY Extracting limonene from orange peel Lesson objectives: Define the key terms chiral, stereoisomer.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Distillation using simple apparatus

Advertisements

C.I. 3.6 Optical Isomerism.

Types of Organic Compounds

Unit 3 Stereochemistry.  Chirality and Stereoisomers  Configuration vs. Conformation  (R) and (S) Configurations  Optical Activity  Fischer Projections.

Chapter 51 Stereochemistry: Chapter 5 The Arrangement of Atoms in Space; The Stereochemistry of Addition Reactions.

Chapter 5: Stereoisomers

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License Isomerism University of Lincoln presentation.

Chapter 5: Stereoisomerism

1 Stereochemistry Prof. Dr. Harno Dwi Pranowo Austrian-Indonesian Center for Computational Chemistry Chemistry Department, FMIPA UGM.

Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Twelfth Edition© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc Chiral Molecules Learning.

Stereoisomerism Nanoplasmonic Research Group Organic Chemistry Chapter 5.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY CHAPTER Part 1: Alkane, Alkene, and Alkyne Part 2: Isomers.

Isomers Larry J Scheffler Lincoln High School IB Chemistry

Symmetry The World of Organic Molecules. What is Symmetry?

Optical Isomerism.

4 Types of Isomers Structural Isomers/(Constitutional)

1 Stereoisomers Review: –Structural Isomers: Compounds that have the same molecular formula, but differ in the structural arrangement of atoms. Examples:

Project Project Learning in Chemistry Mr YC Chan United Christian College.

Stereochemistry & Chiral Molecules. Isomerism Isomers are different compounds with the same molecular formula 1) Constitutional isomers: their atoms are.

Optical isomerism L.O.:  Describe optical isomers as non-superimposable mirror images about an organic chiral centre.  Identify chiral centres in a molecule.

1 Stereoisomerism Chapter 26 Hein * Best * Pattison * Arena Colleen Kelley Chemistry Department Pima Community College © John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Version.

CHE 311 Organic Chemistry I Dr. Jerome K. Williams, Ph.D. Saint Leo University.

4 Types of Isomers. 1.Structural Isomers/(Constitutional) 2.Geometric Isomers/(Cis/Trans) 3.Optical Isomers A.Enantiomers B.Diastereomers.

Chirality “Handedness”: Right-hand glove does not fit the left hand. An object is chiral if its mirror image is different from the original object. Chapter.

Chapter 15 The Three-Dimensional Shape of Molecules CHEM 2124 – General Chemistry II Alfred State College Professor Bensley.

Amino Acids Organic compounds containing both the amine -NH 2 and carboxyl -COOH functional groups. Amine e.g. CH 3 CH 2 NH 2 ethylamine Carboxylic acid.

1 What is Organic Chemistry? Vitalism Examples of organic molecules What’s the common thread that ties these molecules together? Organic chemistry is the.

Configurational Isomers

Stereochemistry Unit 8. Stereochemistry Stereochemistry – the study of compound structures in 3 dimensions Stereoisomers – compounds that differ only.

1 ISOMERISM. 2 Contents Isomers-Definitions Geometrical isomers Nomenclature for Geometrical isomers Optical Isomerism Nomenclature For Optical Isomers.

ISOMERS Chemistry 122. Isomers The prefix “iso-” means same parts. How does this help with the definition of the term isotope? Some hydrocarbons only.

KEY WORDS: Functional Group Root Prefix Suffix IUPAC Chain ASSESSMENT: Name the following compounds:Draw the structure for the following compound and name.

Stereochemistry 240 Chem Chapter 5 1. Isomerism Isomers are different compounds that have the same molecular formula.

Stereochemistry at Tetrahedral Centers. Chapter 52 Isomerism: Constitutional Isomers and Stereoisomers – Stereoisomers are isomers with the same molecular.

Isomers Are different compounds with the same molecular formula

HL only. Learning outcomes Understand: There are two sub-classes of stereoisomers - conformational isomers and configurational isomers Conformational.

14.5 Chiral Molecules An object whose mirror image is identical to the original and can be superimposed on it is achiral. Objects such as hands that have.

Unit 4 organic chemistry

Organic Chemistry Lesson 5.

Chemical isomers.

Section 4: Hydrocarbon Isomers

Diastereomers Stereoisomers:

Isomers Molecules with same molecular formula but their respective atoms are arranged differently in space 1.

SAM GIRLSCOLLEGE, BHOPAL

University of California,

Isomerism SCH4U Spring 2012.

The World of Organic Molecules

Chapter 5: Stereochemistry

Chemistry 121/122 isomers.

Stereoisomerism.

Chapter 20.3: Stereoisomerism

Optical Isomers.

Kinds of Isomers © Prentice Hall 2001 Chapter 4.

Isomers Molecules with same molecular formula but their respective atoms are arranged differently in space 1.

Optical Isomers in Pharmaceutical Products

Chapter 6 Principles of Stereochemistry ***Bring Your Model Kits to Class!***

240 Chem Stereochemistry Chapter 5.

Organic Chemistry Lesson 3.

Meso Compounds Section 5.6.

Chapter 12 Organic Compounds with Oxygen and Sulfur

Isomers: The Arrangement of Atoms in Space University of California,

240 Chem Stereochemistry Chapter 5.

Functional group isomerism

1.Structural 2.Stereo isomers - geometric - optical

enantiomers and diastereomers

240 Chem Stereochemistry Chapter 5.

Presentation transcript:

MADE TO BE MADE AGAIN CHEMISTRY FOR A CIRCULAR ECONOMY Extracting limonene from orange peel Lesson objectives: Define the key terms chiral, stereoisomer and enantiomer. Outline the process of steam distillation. Describe the principles of a circular economy. Explain using key definitions and diagrams why limonene is chiral and shows optical activity.

What does it take to make…? Sort the cards to show every stage of processing.

The linear economy

The circular economy

The future is orange How can we apply a circular economy approach to the production of orange juice?

A new ‘OPEC’ for a greener future Read the article A new ‘OPEC’ for a greener future: orange/ What alternatives to waste are the Orange Peel Exploitation Company able to produce?

What is limonene? Whiteboards ready... 1.Draw the full structural formula of limonene. 2.Can you draw an isomer of the structure you have drawn? 3.What kind of isomer is it? 4.Put an asterisk against the chiral centre. 5.Draw a mirror image of the compound on the screen.

Key definitions Stereoisomers have the same structural formulae but differ by the arrangement of bonds in space. Optical isomers occur when a carbon atom is bonded to four different groups resulting in two isomers that are mirror images. This carbon is called the ‘chiral centre’ or ‘asymmetric carbon’. Optical isomers are described as ‘chiral’ meaning ‘handed’ because the mirror images can be thought of as left and right handed. A pair of chiral optical isomers are called ‘enantiomers’.

1. The extraction of limonene from oranges by steam distillation 1. Into a 250ml round bottomed flask, put the finely divided rind of two oranges and 100ml of water. 2. Heat the mixture while collecting about 50ml of distillate. The limonene separates out as an oily layer.

2. Testing for limonene Method Wear eye protection at all times. Bromine water is a hazard and irritant. Use in a fume cupboard and keep the lid on the bottle as much as possible. Use a measuring cylinder to measure 1ml of bromine water into a test tube. To the test tube add limonene dropwise using a pipette. Shake gently.