Non-coding RNA Genes the underestimated players in an old game.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

20,000 GENES IN HUMAN GENOME; WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF ALL THESE GENES WERE EXPRESSED IN EVERY CELL IN YOUR BODY? WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF THEY WERE EXPRESSED.

Advertisements

A turbo intro to (the bioinformatics of) microRNAs 11/ Peter Hagedorn.

Journal club 06/27/08. Non-coding functional regions Cis-regulation of pre-mRNA splicing Post-splicing (mature mRNA) – degradation, localization Translational.

1 Gene Finding Charles Yan. 2 Gene Finding Genomes of many organisms have been sequenced. We need to translate the raw sequences into knowledge. Where.

Genes. Outline  Genes: definitions  Molecular genetics - methodology  Genome Content  Molecular structure of mRNA-coding genes  Genetics  Gene regulation.

CHAPTER 31 Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology.

Investigating the Importance of non-coding transcripts.

Genome Browsers Ensembl (EBI, UK) and UCSC (Santa Cruz, California)

CISC667, F05, Lec24, Liao1 CISC 667 Intro to Bioinformatics (Fall 2005) DNA Microarray, 2d gel, MSMS, yeast 2-hybrid.

Chris Chander, Luke Adea BioSci D145 Feb. 12, 2015

Diana Carvajal September 2014

General Microbiology (Micr300) Lecture 11 Biotechnology (Text Chapters: ; )

“An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome” ENCODE Project Consortium. Nature 2012 Sep 6; 489: Michael M. Hoffman University.

Proteins, Mutations and Genetic Disorders. What you should know One gene, many proteins as a result of RNA splicing and post translational modification.

Genome organization Eukaryotic genomes are complex and DNA amounts and organization vary widely between species.

Transcription Nicky Mulder Acknowledgements: Anna Kramvis for lecture material (adapted here)

Fine Structure and Analysis of Eukaryotic Genes

Genome Sequencing & App. of DNA Technologies Genomics is a branch of science that focuses on the interactions of sets of genes with the environment. –

20.1 – 1 Look at the illustration of “Cloning a Human Gene in a Bacterial Plasmid” (Figure 20.4 in the orange book). If the medium used for plating cells.

20.1 – 1 Look at the illustration of “Cloning a Human Gene in a Bacterial Plasmid” (Figure 20.4 in the orange book). If the medium used for plating cells.

Library screening Heterologous and homologous gene probes Differential screening Expression library screening.

Gene structure in prokaryotes * In prokaryotic cells such as bacteria, genes are usually found grouped together in operons. * The operon is a cluster of.

Genome Sequencing & App. of DNA Technologies Genomics is a branch of science that focuses on the interactions of sets of genes with the environment. –

Expression of the Genome The transcriptome. Decoding the Genetic Information  Information encoded in nucleotide sequences contained in discrete units.

MPL Identification of alternative spliced mRNA variants related to cancers by genome-wide ESTs alignment KIM DAE SOO Oncogene Apr.

Marco Magistri , Journal Club. A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is any RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein “Structural genes encode proteins.

AP Biology Control of Eukaryotic Genes.

8.6 Gene Expression and Regulation TEKS 5C, 6C, 6D, 6E KEY CONCEPT Gene expression is carefully regulated in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Transcriptomics Sequencing. over view The transcriptome is the set of all RNA molecules, including mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, and other non coding RNA produced.

Eukaryotic Gene Expression. Introduction Every cell in a multi-cellular eukaryote does not express all its genes, all the time (usually only 3-5%) –Long-term.

Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.

Complexities of Gene Expression Cells have regulated, complex systems –Not all genes are expressed in every cell –Many genes are not expressed all of.

ROLE OF GENE EXPRESSION:  Activation of a gene that results in a protein  Cells DO NOT need to produce proteins for every code. GENOME:  Complete genetic.

Recombination breakpoints Family Inheritance Me vs. my brother My dad (my Y)Mom’s dad (uncle’s Y) Human ancestry Disease risk Genomics: Regions  mechanisms.

Genes and Genomes. Genome On Line Database (GOLD) 243 Published complete genomes 536 Prokaryotic ongoing genomes 434 Eukaryotic ongoing genomes December.

DNA LIBRARIES Dr. E. What Are DNA Libraries? A DNA library is a collection of DNA fragments that have been cloned into a plasmid and the plasmid is transformed.

Comparative Genomics Methods for Alternative Splicing of Eukaryotic Genes Liliana Florea Department of Computer Science Department of Biochemistry GWU.

Rearrangement The normal process by which antibodies and T cell receptors are made.

A Molecular Toolkit AP Biology Fall The Scissors: Restriction Enzymes  Bacteria possess restriction enzymes whose usual function is to cut apart.

Chapter 19 The Organization & Control of Eukaryotic Genomes.

Conclusions (last lecture)

CFE Higher Biology DNA and the Genome Transcription.

DAY 2. Warm Up What type of RNA copies DNA? – mRNA What is this process called? – Transcription.

KEY CONCEPT Gene expression is carefully regulated in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Chapter 11 – Gene Expression.

Gene Expression & Regulation Chapter 8.6. KEY CONCEPT Gene expression is carefully regulated in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Different microarray applications Rita Holdhus Introduction to microarrays September 2010 microarray.no Aim of lecture: To get some basic knowledge about.

Methods in Cell Biology Cont. Sept. 24, Science Bomb 2 Unc-22: encodes a myofilament in C. elegans.

The regulation of Caspase 8 chIP-seq motifs mRNA expression DNA methylation.

Do we know it all?. John L. Rinn and Howard Y. Chang Annu. Rev. Biochem

The Transcriptional Landscape of the Mammalian Genome

This paper is about RNA can inhibit gene expression

Experimental Verification Department of Genetic Medicine

Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.

Gene Regulation Ability of an organisms to control which genes are present in response to the environment.

Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.

Genome organization and Bioinformatics

Control of Eukaryotic Genes

From Prescription to Transcription: Genome Sequence as Drug Target

Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.

mRNA Degradation and Translation Control

Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.

Alternative RNA Splicing

Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.

Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.

The Human Dermokine Gene: Description of Novel Isoforms with Different Tissue- Specific Expression and Subcellular Location Eve Toulza, Marie-Florence.

Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.

DNA constructs used for Dox-inducible expression of Axin and analyses of rtTA and Axin expression in transgenic mice. DNA constructs used for Dox-inducible.

Long Noncoding RNAs in Cancer Pathways

Fig. 1. FAM83H over-expression is associated with poor prognosis of CC

Presentation transcript:

Non-coding RNA Genes the underestimated players in an old game

The estimated number of human genes keeps down down.  One goal of genome projects is to systematically identify genes.  100,000 to 21,000  the numerology based on three methods cDNA cloning and EST sequencing of polyadenylated mRNA identification of conserved coding exons by comparative genome analysis computational gene prediction

ncRNA genes has been underestimated  Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes  produce transcripts that function directly as structural, catalytic or regulatory RNA, rather than expressing mRNA that encode proteins.

The regulation of DHRS4 in neuroblastoma cells is performed by a ncRNA produced by copy number variation of itself

NADPH-dependent retinol dehydrogenase/reductase Belongs to SDR family Firstly purified from the cytosole of rabbit liver by Huang,DY Highly catalytic capability of retinal reductase Expressed in many tissues of mammalian animal, maybe participates in a general metabolic pathway of retinoids. Molecular structure of NRDR

cloned from human liver, exists in various tissues. cloned from Hela cell. cervical squamous carcinoma tissues. selectively expressed in cervical squamous carcinoma tissues. cloned from neuroblastoma cells, exist in various carcinoma cell lines, may be functional ncRNA regulating DHRS4. DHRS4 may has copy number variation (CNV) between individuals.

Splicing forms in cervical squamous carcinoma: NRDRB1 Analyses of NRDRB1 mRNA splice variant. NRDR NRDRB1

A B C D E F Targeting of GFP-tagged NRDRB1 (A,B,C) and GFP-tagged NRDR (D,E,F) in HeLa cells.

SDS-PAGE and Western-blot analysis of NRDR and NRDRB1 expression after Immunoprecipitation.

Immunohistochemical staining of NRDRB1 and NRDR proteins in normal cervical epithelium and cervical squamous carcinoma tissues. A: Non-immune antibody control of normal cervical epithelium. B: Basal cells are positive for NRDR in normal cervical epithelium. C: Non-immune antibody control of cervical squamous carcinoma tissue. D: Only cells in the cancer nest region are positive for NRDRB1 in cervical squamous carcinoma tissue. A B C D