What is Energy? Energy is the ability to work. You need energy to force an object to move or to make matter change. Energy makes motion and change possible.
Energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed It can only be converted from one form to another There are two different types of energy that we use to categorize the others
Two Basic Types of Energy The two main types of energy are: Kinetic Energy Potential Energy
Kinetic Energy Kinetic Energy is energy that is in motion.
Examples of Kinetic Energy Moving water Wind Electricity - involves electrons moving in conductors.
Potential Energy Potential Energy is defined as stored energy. Every object has a potential energy when it is stationary Once they are not stationary, the potential energy is converted to kinetic energy
Examples of Potential Energy Oil sitting in a barrel Water in a lake in the mountains Battery This energy is referred to as potential energy, because if it were released, it would do a lot of work.
Energy can change from one form to another. Let’s look at a Roller Coaster. When it is on its way up, it is using kinetic energy since the energy is in motion. When it reaches the top it has potential (or stored) energy. When it goes down the hill it is using kinetic energy again.
Forms of Energy We Need To Know Mechanical Energy Light Energy Chemical Energy Electrical Energy Heat Energy NOTE: There are many other types of energy
Mechanical Energy Mechanical Energy is the energy of motion that does the work. It is defined as the sum of an object’s potential energy and kinetic energy
Examples of Mechanical Energy Wind as it turns a windmill An airplane soaring through the sky A flowing river Sound
Light Energy Light energy is a form of kinetic energy that travels in waves and can move through empty space where there is no air It is made through electro-magnetic radiation
Light Energy Light can: ◦ Travel in straight lines ◦ Be absorbed ◦ Be broken apart ◦ Be reflected ◦ Be visible (the only type of energy we can see)
Light Energy Light energy comes from: ◦ Light bulbs ◦ Electricity ◦ Computer screens ◦ Chemicals
Examples of Light Energy Fireflies Lightning Lights in your house Reflections off a mirror
Heat Energy Heat energy comes from the motion of tiny particles in matter. The faster the particles move, the warmer the matter can get.
Heat Energy Heat will always flow from the hotter body to the colder body
Examples of Heat Energy Stoves Matches Fire The Sun Toaster
Electrical Energy Electrical Energy is when electricity creates motion, light or heat. Described as energy absorbed or delivered by an electrical circuit An example of electrical energy is the electric coils on your stove. It can come from batteries or power plants and it can also be found in nature. Power plants burn fuel to make electricity which is then sent to homes and businesses through wires.
Electrical Energy It can come from: Batteries Power plants Nature
Electrical Energy Power plants burn fuel to make electricity This is then sent to homes and businesses through wires
Examples of Electrical Energy Electric coils on your stove Telephone towers Lightning Power cords Anything that uses electricity to operate!
Chemical Energy A substance undergoing a form of chemical reaction and changing into another substance Chemical energy is a form of potential energy
Examples of Chemical Energy Batteries Lightbulbs Combustion Fuel
Review There are two main categories for energy: 1) Potential 2) Kinetic
Review We can break potential and kinetic down into: 1) Mechanical - K 2) Heat - K 3) Light - K 4) Electrical - K 5) Chemical - P
Putting it all together What types of energy go into getting a flashlight to work?
Putting it all together What types of energy are involved with lightning? Electrical Heat Light Sound