TCP/IP Suite Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol Presentation by Chandra Porchia

ARPANET n Army Research Projects Agency (ARPA) *Created ARPANET in the 1960’s *Predecessor to the Internet *First Packet-Switching Network

Department of Defense n In the 1970’s the Army along with Military Contractors and Universities began to develop computer Networks n In the 1980’s TCP/IP was developed as a collection of Internet Protocols

TCP/IP Suite n Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Suite –Main Components »IP: Internet Protocol »TCP: Transmission Control Protocol »UDP: User Datagram Protocol

Internet Protocol (IP) n The unifying Protocol of the TCP/IP Suite for packets of data sent through out the Internet.

IP n Low level Protocol n Responsible for moving packets across the Internet n Primary job is to route datagram to its destination n Connectionless Protocol

IP Functionality n Divides messages into datagrams (packets) n Routes Message n Adds Header Information –Source Address –Destination Address –Protocol Number –Checksum

IP Disadvantages n Unreliable delivery n Sends messages out of sequence n Does not guarantee integrity of data n Messages may be duplicated n Messages may never arrive n Messages may arrive at the wrong destination

Transmission Control Protocol n Connection Orientated Protocol n Depends on IP to route message n Reliable byte-stream transfer service between endpoints n Primary job is to guarantee delivery of message to proper destination

TCP Functionality n Provides protection against data loss, data corruption, and data duplication n Reassembles packets n Reorders packets n Maintains connection with endpoint until message is delivered n Minimizes packets loss

TCP Functionality Continued  Keeps track of packets sent  Retransmits data  Adds Header Information  Port Number  Sequence Number  Checksum  Source/Destination Address

TCP Disadvantages n High over head n Slower than UDP

User Datagram Protocol (UDP) n Connectionless Protocol n High level Protocol n Fast Delivery n Depends on IP for sending data

UDP Functionality n Alternative to TCP n Used with applications that don’t require datagrams to be sequenced n Guarantees integrity of data n Queues data before sending n Capable of handling large amounts of data n Fast

UDP Functionality Continued n Adds Header Information –Port Number –Checksum –Source Port –Destination Port

UDP Disadvantages n Unreliable delivery n Unable to track data sent n Receiving application must assure reliability of data transfer n Messages can be lost, received out of sequence, and duplicated

Summary n TCP/IP is a collection of Protocols n Descendant of ARPANET n IP routes data to its destination n TCP controls the flow of data and ensures reliable delivery n UDP provides fast delivery of data without the overhead of TCP