Course title : Hematology (1)

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Course title : Hematology (1) Course code :MLHE-201 Supervisor : Prof Dr. Magda Sultan 14/11/2013. Outcome : The student will know : -The definition of anemia . -The classification of anemias . -The diagnosis of anemias

Introduction To Anaemias 2013

Definition of anaemia Reduction below normal in the concentration of Hb or RBCs ( according to age and sex )

Adult male: Hb 13. 5-17. 5 g/dl RBCs 4. 5 – 6. 00 Adult female : Hb 12 Adult male: Hb 13.5-17.5 g/dl RBCs 4.5 – 6.00 Adult female : Hb 12.0- 16.0 g/dl RBCs 3.80-5.00

The approach to the diagnosis : 1-Detection of the anaemia ( by accurate measurements of the patient values) 2-Type of the anaemia . 3-Investigations of the cause of anaemia

Laboratory evaluation of anaemia : 1-Study of the blood : -Complete blood count ( Hb, Ht, RBCs, Red cell indices , WBC and platelets ) -Examination of stained blood film . -Reticulocyte count .

2- Other laboratory tests : -Serum iron ,TIBC, serum ferritin , B12, folate, Coomb's test , osmotic fragility , G6PD ,Hb electophoresis ,ESR , liver and kidney functions tests , thyroid tests ,bone marrow examination.

Classification of anaemias Morphologic classification : Blood film + Red cell indices

1-Microcytic Hypochromic anaemia : MCV reduced and MCH reduced   2-Normocytic Normochromic anaemia : MCV normal and MCH normal 3-Macrocytic anaemia : MCV increased

Microcytic Hypochromic anaemia Causes : 1-Iron deficiency anaemia . 2-Thalathemias. 3-Haemoglobinopathies. 4-Chronic disorders .

Investigations : 1-Serum iron . 2-TIBC . 3-Serum ferritin . 4-Haemoglobin electrophoresis .  

Nomocytic Normochromic anaemia Causes : 1-Haemolytic anaemia . 2-Post haemorrhagic anaemia . 3-Liver disease . 4- Renal disease . 5-Endocrine disorders . 6-Hypoplastic anaemia . 7-Bone marrow infiltration .

Investigations : 1-Reticulocyte count . 2-Coomb's test . 3-Hb electrophoresis . 4-Osmotic fragility . 5-G6PD 6- Endocrine tests 7-Liver and renal function tests. 8-Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

Macrocytic anaemia Types : 1-Megaloblastic 2- Non Megaloblastic Causes : 1-Vitamin B12 deficiency . 2-Folate deficiency . 3-Haemolytic anaemia . 4-Haemorrhage . 5-Alcohol . 6-Liver and thyroid diseases. 7-Hypoplastic bone marrow.

Investigations : 1-Serum B12 2-Folate assay 3-Bone marrow examination 4-Reticulocyte count 5-Tests for liver and thyroid disorders .

Assignement : Student name : Title : Microcytic hypochromic anaemia . Title:Normocytic normochromic anaemia

زينب عبد المنعم ابراهيم Assignment Student Name Topic محمد ابراهيم ابراهيم محمد احمد فتوح محمد احمد محمد محمد انور عبد الغني محمد خالد اسماعيل محمد صالح السيد محمد صلاح الدين جامع محمد عادل خضر ابراهيم Microcytic hypochromic anaemia محمد علي رمضان النقيب محمد هشام محمد فوده محمد حمدي حسن هبه الله محمد محمود زينب عبد المنعم ابراهيم احمد لطفي ندي محمود احمد محمود احمد سعد سعد عامر Normocytic normochromic anaemia

Training Questions : -Define anaemia . -Mention the morphologic classifications of anaemias.   Reference book : -Essential haematology -Dacie