Ms. Bowman

 Bones Frontal, maxillary, nasal, zygomatic, temporal, mandible

 External Ear Pinna, external auditory meatus  Middle Ear Tympanic membrane Ossicles Eustachian tubes  Inner Ear Cochlea Semicircular canals Vestibulocochlear nerve

 Nasal, frontal, maxillary, vomer, ethmoid bones  Nasal septum  Nasal cartilage  Hard and Soft palates  Nostrils  Choanae  Pharynx  Trachea

 Larynx  Thyroid cartilage  Trachea  Hyoid bone

 Lips  Oral vestibule  Oral cavity  Tongue Papillae Taste buds  Lingual frenulum

 Teeth Type  Incisors  Cupsids  Bicuspids  Molars Structures  Root  Neck  Crown  Cementum and periodontal ligaments  Gums  Dentin  Enamel  Pulp

 Mastication  Facial Expression

 Location  Onset Facial injuries are usually acute  MOI Direct trauma  Other Symptoms Illness, allergies

 Auricle Contusion, laceration, avulsion Inflammation Tympanic membrane Periauricular area  Battle’s sign-skull fx

 Alignment  Epistaxis  Septum and mucosa  Eyes and face Raccoon eyes-nasal fx

 Respiration  Thyroid cartilage

 Bleeding  Ecchymosis  Symmetry  Muscle tone

 Lips  Teeth  Tongue  Lingual frenulum  Gums

 Nasal bone  Nasal cartilage  Zygoma  Maxilla  TMJ  Periauricular area  External ear  Teeth  Mandible  Hyoid bone  Cartilages

 Ear Hearing Balance  Nose Smell  TMJ Open and close mouth

 Cranial Nerve assessment-instruction to be provided when we discuss the head

 Tongue blade test Mandibular fracture

 Ear Auricular hematoma (cauliflower ear) Tympanic membrane rupture Otitis externa Otitis media

 Nose Epistaxis Fractures Saddle-nose deformity Deviated septum

 Throat Trauma usually results in respiratory distress

 Facial Fractures Mandibular Zygoma Maxillary Lefort

 Dental Tooth fractures Tooth luxations Dental caries Gingivitis TMJ dysfunction