Chemical Crisis Management-Action Plan By Dr. G.K. Pandey Adviser Ministry of Environment & Forests Conference on Chemical (Industrial) Disaster February11-13, 2009 New Delhi

Chemical Crisis Management Ministry of Environment and Forests is the nodal Ministry for management of chemical accidents and related hazards. Notified two sets of rules:  The Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals (MSIHC) Rules, 1989 as amended 2000 oPrevention of Major accidents arising from industrial activities. oLimiting the effects of such accidents  The Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response )Rules, 1996 oCentral, State, District and Local Level Crisis Groups to be setup; oA Chemical Crisis Alert System to be setup at the Centre; oThe DCGs to prepare Off-site Emergency Plans; oMAH units in the industrial pockets to aid, assist and facilitate preparation, updation of emergency plans.

Implementation of National Laws STATES MSIHC RULES, 1989 CA(EPPR), RULES, 1996-Crisis Groups Constituted MAH Units Distt, with MAH units On-Site Plans Off-Site Plans StateDistt,Local A&N3130 Not Const A.P ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Arunachal No MAH Unit Assam ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Bihar208200Constituted Not Provided Not Const Chandigarh No MAH Units ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Chhatisgarh (2005) ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Daman & Diu No MAH Units --- Dadra & N.H. No MAH Units --- Delhi187157ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Goa162162ConstitutedConstituted Not Necessary Gujarat ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Haryana5212 Not clear H.P. Information not received Not Received J&K (2004) Not Const Jharkhand Information not received Not Received Karnataka ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Kerala388388ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Lakshdweep (2004) No MAH Units M.P ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted As on 12 th Dec, 2008

STATES MSIHC RULES, 1989 CA(EPPR), RULES, 1996-Crisis Groups Constituted MAH Units Distt with MAH units On-Site Plans Off-Site Plans StateDistt,Local Maharashtra ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Manipur111 Not prepared Not Const Meghalaya212IncompleteConstituted Mizoram (Old) No MAH Units Nagaland (2006) 212Incomplete Not Const Orissa ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Puducherry3231ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Punjab (1 Closed) 6ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Rajasthan ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Sikkim No MAH Units Tamil Nadu ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Tripura212IncompleteConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Uttar Pradesh ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Uttarakhand29440Constituted Not Const West Bengal ConstitutedConstitutedConstituted Total

States/UTs not constituted Crisis Group Andaman & Nicobar Islands(State, District & Local) Nagaland(State, District & Local) Jammu & Kashmi(old)(State, District & Local) Manipur(State, District & Local) Bihar (District & Local) Meghalaya(District & Local) Uttrakhand(District & Local) Himachal PradeshInformation not received JharkhandInformation not received Harayana Information not clear

Major Chemical Accidents Reported during State No of Accidents State No. of Accidents Andhra Pradesh 08Maharashtra19 Assam 02(1 terrorist ) Punjab02 Delhi01Rajasthan01 Gujarat16 Tamil Nadu 03 Haryana02UP09 Jharkhand01Uttarakhand01 Kerala02 West Bengal 03 Madhya Pradesh 03 Total =73

States/ UTs with No Accidents ( ) S No StatesRemarks 1 ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLAND No Accidents 2BIHAR 3 CHATTISGARH (as reported till 2007) No Accidents 4GOA 5KARNATAKA 6MEGHALAYA 7 NAGALAND (as reported till 2007) No Accidents 8ORISSA 9PUDUCHERY 10TRIPURA 11MANIPUR No accident 12J&K Not Available 13HP

Chemical Crisis Management -Programmes & Activities  Financial assistance: National Fire Service College, NagpurNational Fire Service College, Nagpur National Civil Defense College, NagpurNational Civil Defense College, Nagpur Office of Chief Inspector of Factories of: NCT Delhi, MP, Assam, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu, Orissa, Kerala, Rajasthan,Office of Chief Inspector of Factories of: NCT Delhi, MP, Assam, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu, Orissa, Kerala, Rajasthan,  Training Programmes  National Chemicals Management Profile  A Red Book containing duties to be performed during emergency, names, addresses and telephones of key functionaries of State Governments, State Pollution Control Boards, Chief Inspectorate of Factories, Experts / Institutions is published and circulated

Vulnerability and Risk Assessment for Transportation of Hazardous Chemicals With the objective of creating a data base on accident occurrence, nature of hazardous chemicals gets transported,, accident reporting system, identification of risks and reduction measures. 16 stretches have been covered so far in 4 states General recommendations General recommendations  Valid driving license with endorsement for hazchem transportation  Check Lists for document & vehicle inspections  Compatibility Checks: Chemicals of current & previous consignment  Provide stop blocks and loading /unloading under supervision  Make the driver to read the TREM Card & Emergency Response procedures  Seal /lock valves after loading  Emergency Information Panel (EIP). Class labels, HAZCHEM Codes.  Communicate the routes and schedule halts to driver and transporter Transporters  Careful selection of Drivers, vehicle maintenance, appropriate EIP, class label, proper painting  Ensure availability of all relevant documents  Provide route maps to driverDriver Driver  Lack of education, knowledge, awareness and other factors. Authorities  District authorities – police needs to be trained for Haz Goods Transportation, regarding applicable legal requirements  Specific training on handling and transport of non-petroleum cargo

Chemical Crisis Management-programmes and activities  Hazard Analysis studies - Of 286 districts, hazard analysis studies initiated for - Of 286 districts, hazard analysis studies initiated for 100/90 completed 100/90 completed  Off-site studies - 30 off- site plans based on hazard - 30 off- site plans based on hazard studies. 7 off-site studies are on-going studies. 7 off-site studies are on-going  Establishment of Emergency Response Centers. Five Emergency Response Centres (ERCs) have been established - Manali (TN),Bhopal (M.P), Mahad ( Mah.) Vishakapatnam ( AP) and Hyderabad. Three more in AP- Kakinada, Kurnool and Vijaywada have been sanctioned.  A Poison information Centre (PIC) has been set up at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi and PCC in Govt Medical Hospital, Chennai

Chemical Crisis Management -Programmes & Activities  Development of a Uniform and Harmonized Risk Assessment Standards and Guidance Manual o Identification of possible risk acceptance standards/ criteria that could be applicable in India based on India’s industrial scenario. o Development of risk assessment guidance.  Web based Chemical Accident Information and Reporting System (CAIRS) o Prompt notification of the major chemical accidents to the designated authorities o Develop an online accident reporting and analysis mechanism FEATURES FEATURES o A Web Based System for Accident Reporting o Pre-set formats to post information on the web o Capability to do the accident data analysis o Supports online queries/report generation o The system will have the centralized databases of major chemical accidents

PHASE –I  Gujarat: Ahmedabad, Bharuch, Kutchh, Surat, Vadodara and Valsad.  Maharashtra - Mumbai, Nashik, Pune, Raigad, Ratnagiri, Thane  Tamil Nadu - Chennai, Salem, Tiruvallur  Andhra Pradesh - East Godavari, Medak, Rangareddy, Vishakapatnam and West Godavari Godavari PHASE II  Major Cluster in 10 States NCT-Delhi, Assam, Haryana, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Karnatka, Punjab, Rajasthan, Kerala (Ernakulam) NCT-Delhi, Assam, Haryana, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Karnatka, Punjab, Rajasthan, Kerala (Ernakulam)  Covered 22 district Delhi, Alwar, Jaipur, Bulanshahar, Ghaziabad, Panipat, Banglore, Mysore, Manglore, Ernakulam, Burhwan, Hooghly, 24 Parganas (N) and (S), Kolkatta, Howrah, Bongaigoan, Guwahati, Dhar, Bhind, Ropar and Hoshiarpur Delhi, Alwar, Jaipur, Bulanshahar, Ghaziabad, Panipat, Banglore, Mysore, Manglore, Ernakulam, Burhwan, Hooghly, 24 Parganas (N) and (S), Kolkatta, Howrah, Bongaigoan, Guwahati, Dhar, Bhind, Ropar and Hoshiarpur GIS Based Emergency Planning and Response (GEPR)

Phase III Selected districts in Gujarat and Maharashtra  Web based GIS Technology –for easy implementation and updation of non-spatial data like Phone, Fax, Name of contact person etc.  High Resolution Mapping – to enhance the quality of spatial features like road, railways etc.  Enhanced Modeling features like Process hazard added.  On line modeling added to allow dynamic modeling. User can give its own input and can generate plume online.  Cascading or Domino Effects within a MAH Unit or between 2 MAH units GIS Based Emergency Planning and Response (GEPR)

New Initiatives  Guidelines on Off-site Emergency Plan The plans are being made with varying contents and there is a need for a uniform structure of the Off-site Emergency Plan. The plans are being made with varying contents and there is a need for a uniform structure of the Off-site Emergency Plan.  Handbook with Do’s and Don’ts of Highly Toxic /Hazardous Chemicals  Global Monitoring Programme(UNEP) Monitoring of Pesticides in Air( pesticides listed under the Stockholm Convention ) Monitoring of Pesticides in Air( pesticides listed under the Stockholm Convention ) Participated in Human Milk survey of WHO-UNEP ( assigned to A.I.I.M.S); Participated in Human Milk survey of WHO-UNEP ( assigned to A.I.I.M.S);  National Action Plan for Chemical (Industrial) Disaster Management- to be initiated

National Action Plan on Chemical (Industrial ) Disaster -Components of Action Plan The Action Plans will broadly cover:  Measures to be taken for prevention of chemical disasters or mitigation of their effects.  Measures to be taken for the integration of mitigation procedures in the development plans.  Measures to be taken for preparedness and capacity building to respond to any chemical disaster.  Roles and responsibilities of different Stakeholders: Administration, Industries, First Responders, NGO, etc.

Approach and Methodology Review of Present Status of Regulatory Framework, Compliance and Initiatives at various levelsReview of Present Status of Regulatory Framework, Compliance and Initiatives at various levels Status of Parallel International EffortsStatus of Parallel International Efforts Identification of Salient GapsIdentification of Salient Gaps

Tentative Activities and Programs Networking of training institutions and public/ private stakeholders. Networking of training institutions and public/ private stakeholders. Identification of Nodal training institutions. Identification of Nodal training institutions. Development of procedures to explore and adopt the best practices in the area of chemical/ industrial disaster risk management Development of procedures to explore and adopt the best practices in the area of chemical/ industrial disaster risk management Development of standard procedures and manual to develop effective mechanism for chemical/ industrial disaster risk management. Development of standard procedures and manual to develop effective mechanism for chemical/ industrial disaster risk management. Standardization of Release scenario -- consequences in terms of heat radiation, extreme pressure and toxicity Standardization of Release scenario -- consequences in terms of heat radiation, extreme pressure and toxicity Identification of hazardous chemicals, processes and operations located in various parts of the country Identification of hazardous chemicals, processes and operations located in various parts of the country Classification of units that have the potential to create an off-site emergency Classification of units that have the potential to create an off-site emergency Preparation of plot and site plans incorporating the contours of the damage, Identification of vulnerable zones Preparation of plot and site plans incorporating the contours of the damage, Identification of vulnerable zones

Tentative Activities and Programs Assessing the Requirements of various departments for coping with emergency situations Assessing the Requirements of various departments for coping with emergency situations Capacity Development of Chief Inspector of Factories, Disaster Response Force, and First responders. Capacity Development of Chief Inspector of Factories, Disaster Response Force, and First responders. Recording, investigation and publication of major accident analysis Recording, investigation and publication of major accident analysis Networking of training institutions and public/ private stakeholders Networking of training institutions and public/ private stakeholders

Action to Whom Industries: Management and Employees, both large scale and small scale Industries: Management and Employees, both large scale and small scale Transporters (all types i.e. pipe, ship, road, rail, etc.). Transporters (all types i.e. pipe, ship, road, rail, etc.). Authorities: those concerned with the District Disaster Plan under the Environment (Protection) Act and Disaster Management Act, as well as policymakers from the relevant Ministries (both federal and state); District Administration; State and District Crisis Groups Authorities: those concerned with the District Disaster Plan under the Environment (Protection) Act and Disaster Management Act, as well as policymakers from the relevant Ministries (both federal and state); District Administration; State and District Crisis Groups  Emergency & Rescue Teams (Emergency Response Agencies): Police, Fire Stations, Medical Services, Civil Defense, The Armed Forces, Coast Guard, Home Guard, Transport Agency From District Administration  Public: including Mutual Aid Response Groups, NGOs and educational institutions  Training providers: offering human resource development services for the targeted groups.

Time Frame   National Action Plan is to be prepared as per the Format suggested by the National Executive Committee.   Draft is to be prepared within a period of 12 months   Further six months may be provided to obtain the comments from competent authority and for finalization of the draft.   The implementation of the activities of the Action Plan is proposed to be divided into three phases : - Initial phase ( duration upto 0-2 years ) - Medium phase ( 2-5 years) - Long term (5-10 years)

Concerns  Flow of Information from States to Centre  Accident Reporting in prescribed format  Lack of Communication  Lack of Infrastructure & Support- CIF/DIHS  Compliance of various provisions of the Rules  Compliance of CMV Act, Transportation of Hazardous Chemicals  Develop aide memoirs to assist Emergency Response Groups and personnel in the discharge of their duties;  Develop Community Awareness Emergency Response (CAER) program to include the training of members of the community  Need for a Disaster Management Cell in the Ministry.  Regulatory/ statutory authorities in need of training in first response (Haz. Materials);  Governmental Agencies be appropriately trained for first response/ managing emergencies;  Lack of manpower with the monitoring authorities.  Chemical Disaster Management should find a specific mention in the list of important duties in the handbook of the DM